Slapyvardžiais pasirašyti Balio Sruogos straipsniai dienraštyje "Klaipėdos žinios"

LTLietuvių literatūros klasiko Balio Sruogos kūryba, o ypač poezija, dramaturgija ir proza, tyrinėjama dažnai, kiek rečiau analizuojama ne mažiau svarbi, įvairi ir vertinga rašytojo publicistika. Sruoga, baigęs studijas Miuncheno universitete, grįžęs į Lietuvą, nuo 1924 m. balandžio 1 d. iki rugsėjo 3 d. dirbo dienraštyje "Klaipėdos žinios". Jo gyvenimo ir kūrybos tyrinėtojas Algis Samulionis nurodė priežastis, kodėl po sėkmingų studijų Miunchene Sruoga pasirinko žurnalisto darbą Klaipėdoje, aprašė penkis ten praleistus mėnesius, apibūdino darbą dienraščio redakcijoje. Tačiau tuo metu parašyti Sruogos straipsniai liko tik trumpai aptarti. Rašytojo publicistika literatūros, teatro kritikos tematika, pirmą kartą pasirodžiusi Klaipėdos žiniose, jau išspausdinta Sruogos "Raštų" tomuose. Todėl šiame straipsnyje siekiama plačiau aptarti "Raštuose" dar nepublikuotus, "Klaipėdos žiniose" paskelbtus Sruogos straipsnius. [...]. [Iš teksto, p. 217]

ENArticles under the pseudonyms C., R., &, X, X. P., S. P., M. Sw, M. Sv., Dr. E. M., Ex., A. Taškelis, T. Pridotkas, Pridotkas, Puidokas, Pebėjus, Brolis, Žiogas, Tertius, and Cimbolats belong to Sruoga. Their publication in the daily newspaper Klaipėdos žinios started only after 4 January 1924, when the newspaper employed him. Texts under such pseudonyms had not been published in the newspaper before. From September 1924, after Sruoga finished working in the "Klaipėdos žinios", the daily newspaper no longer published articles under the mentioned pseudonyms. In terms of the subject matter, composition, and style, Sruoga’s articles written for "Klaipėdos žinios" are similar to the writer’s correspondence that he sent to the American daily newspaper "Naujienos" in 1923, and to his country’s newspapers the "Lietuva" and the "Lietuvos žinios" from 1921. The articles in the "Klaipėdos žinios" are analytical journalism: they promptly present, analyse in detail, and summarise the events of 1924 both in Lithuania (especially in Klaipėda region) and the world. The series of articles written in Munich and Klaipėda are characterised by continuity, development of the topics discussed, and associative connections. While studying in Munich, Sruoga wrote about current affairs in Germany: the beginning of monarchist unrest in Bavaria, the strikes against the centrist government in Berlin, the rise of Hitler, the attacks by Hitler’s supporters, and the attempt of Hitler and his accomplices to launch a coup d’état. While working in Klaipėda, Sruoga finished analysing the Hitler case: he wrote about the consequences of the revolt caused by Hitler in Munich, the trial of Hitler’s supporters, their fate, and participation in political activities. In 1922, while collaborating with the American daily newspaper "Naujienos", Sruoga wrote his correspondence in the form of letters from Klai.Through them, Sruoga introduced the most important events in the history of Klaipėda region after the First World War to American readers. Before he started working in Klaipėda, Sruoga wrote about the separation of Klaipėda region from Germany (according to the Treaty of Versailles), the French rule, and the German plan to establish a German state in Klaipėda region. After he started working in Klaipėda, he wrote about the following events: the annexation of Klaipėda region by the Republic of Lithuania, the circumstances of the convention and statute of Klaipėda region, and the local and international political context of these events. In addition, Sruoga deeply examined other topical issues of the time: the military conflict between Russia and Romania, the dispute between the United States and Japan. In his articles, Sruoga revealed himself as the author of a detailed chronicle of the history of Klaipėda region, a commentator on international relations and politics. This is the aspect that has been very little explored so far. Sruoga’s articles are now particularly relevant not only because of the critical assessment of the social and political events and phenomena depicted in them, but also because of the clearly expressed value position. In them, Sruoga advocated the promotion of national understanding, the development of personal and state culture, adherence to democratic and moral behaviour, honesty, and the assumption of individual responsibility for each act. In addition to objective factual information, Sruoga’s articles had a subjective source. The author’s personal attitude, his emotions, and his individual world-view are reflected in them especially well. The writer not only informed and analysed the material, but was able to convey it convincingly.Using various rhetorical tools, Sruoga liked to recreate events, presenting paradoxical facts, characteristic images of reality, analogies, memorable portraits of real personalities, or individual turns of expression. The aphorism, free artistic composition, and subjective associations are distinctive characteristics of his articles. Sruoga’s articles highlight not only a diverse and wide range of historical and social topics. His predilection for revisiting previously discussed topics, especially the ones about culture, local and international politics, historical conflicts and their re-actualisation by presenting newly discovered facts, emerging insights and analogies is also noticeable. Therefore in the articles on recurrent themes, similar individual text locations are observed (fragments of the story, episodes) and are noticeable. His articles are also linked by reoccurring narrative details, various motives, contextual cues (messages), and inter-textual insertions (quotations, paraphrasing, headlines, phrases, words, and concepts). Left in a text signed with pseudonyms or anonymous, such ‘traces’ of the author allow revealing him when the most reliable documentary evidence is not preserved and graphological analysis of autographs is impossible. Sruoga’s articles about political and social events in Germany and Lithuania are no less relevant than his much-better-known literary or theatre criticism. Although his articles reflecting the realities of life in Germany and Klaipėda are particularly influential and suggestive in terms of expression (style), they are nevertheless primarily important and serve as sources that testify real facts. Sruoga was depicting the events in Germany and the history of Klaipėda region and considered himself a chronicler. [...]. [From the publication]