Keletas Lietuvos Respublikos socialinio draudimo pensijų įstatymo aspektų

LTStraipsnyje, naudojant pinigų srautų diskontavimo metodą nagrinėjama keletas probleminių naujojo pensijų įstatymo nuostatų, kuriomis remiantis žadamos mokėti pensijos iš sukauptų asmeninių pensijų fondų tuo atveju, kai Valstybinio socialinio draudimo fondo valdyba prie Socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministerijos (toliau „Sodra“) perims šiuos fondus administruoti. Skaičiavimai paremti padarius kelias prielaidas, nes nėra žinomos tikslios formulės, kuriomis remiantis mokėjimų dydžiai bus nustatomi. Galimos išmokos nagrinėjamos įvairias pjūviais. Raktiniai žodžiai: pensijų reforma, darbo stažas, anuitetas, infliacija. [Iš leidinio]

ENIn this paper we discuss some aspects of the Law on Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania, which has been in effect since 1st January 2018. Using elementary discounting of the cash flow we considered some problematic provisions of this new pension law, which promises to pay pensions from the accumulated personal pension funds. Different situation modelling has shown how the pension payments depend on administrator’s decisions, in other words, that the subjectivity factor is possible. Assuming that the inflation rate is approximately 3 per cent, potential payments in various cross-sections were examined. The calculations are based on a variety of assumptions, bearing in mind the fact that the exact formulas of payments are not known. The Law on Social Security Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania does not explicitly state how the periodic payments will be made, so this situation gives the possibility to discuss some hypothetical situations. Based on the above considerations, it can be concluded that if the fund is governed by undefined provisions, its managers, who will be dependent on “Sodra”, will be able to manipulate the amounts of payments quite easily.For these reasons, the article examines a few simple models which show that manipulations of payments is possible if the liability of fund managers for the clients is unknown, when retirement payments can be interpreted freely. Depending on the subjectivity factor, the payments can be very different. In other words, by managing the information on investment returns without disclosing it to the public, it is possible to increase the size of the fund profitably by investing and only paying out the "necessary" benefits. It is imperative to emphasize that the activities of the fund must be absolutely transparent, the formulas for determining the periodic payments not only understandable, but also clearly justified. Probably the biggest problem is the monopolization of the pension fund, because in this case the manager dictates the conditions and the consumer has no right to negotiate them. The authors of the paper are sure that this discussion should be broader and more active, as it is a particularly important issue that is solved in a closed circle and the decisions are not being reasoned. It is to be hoped that, once the Fund starts to operate, the answers to all the questions raised will be answered. Then it will be possible to discuss it more precisely, though it may be too late. [From the publication]

• Ekonomika / Economics
• Teisė / Law