Materialinės padėties vertinimo skirtumai mieste ir kaime visuomenės nuomonės tyrimų duomenimis 2002-2021 m.

LTŠiame straipsnyje nagrinėjami skirtumai tarp miesto ir kaimo dvidešimties metų tarpsnyje (2002–2021) pajamų ir subjektyvaus materialinės padėties vertinimo aspektais. Siekiama įvertinti, ar skirtumai pagal šiuos rodiklius padidėjo, sumažėjo ar nepakito. Empirinių duomenų baze čia pasitarnavo Visuomenės nuomonės tyrimų centro „Vilmorus“ reprezentatyvių apklausų duomenys, taip pat Lietuvos statistikos departamento atliekamų apklausų rezultatai. Kartu, čia yra nagrinėjamos pajamų šeimos nariui matavimo metodologinės problemos reprezentatyviose atrankinėse gyventojų apklausose. Raktažodžiai: pajamos šeimos nariui, materialinės padėties vertinimas, skirtumai mieste ir kaime, reprezentatyvios apklausos. [Iš leidinio]

ENThe differences in evaluation of the economic situation of the households during 2002-2021 in urban and rural areas are analysed in the paper. The task of this analysis is to evaluate the changes in the difference between urban and rural areas: the differences are growing or decreasing during twenty years. The empirical basis for this study are the results of representative surveys conducted by Public opinion research center „Vilmorus“ and the results of regular representative sample surveys conducted by Lithuanian Department of Statistics. The results of surveys show that income per family member increased even 5 times during twenty years. The highest income is being fixed in Vilnius, lower in other towns, and the lowest – in rural areas. The difference in income between different type of residence (big towns, province centers, rural areas) now (2021) is a little smaller compared to 2002. The exception is capital Vilnius – the difference among Vilnius and Lithuania's average is considerable. Three other indicators of financial situation of the households were analysed: probability of making savings over the next 12 month, forecast of the financial situation of household over next 12 months, change in the economic situation of the household over the last 12 months. The subjective evaluations are better in urban areas compared to rural areas (savings – at the first, after that – situation over last 12 months, and the lowest, only small differences in optimism towards the future). On the other hand, the differences didn't change considerably during 20 years. So, the analysis of the results of representative sample surveys shows, that perception of the financial situation in towns are better compared to rural area. On the other hand, there are no evidence that these differences are deepening. Keywords: income per family member, financial situation of the household, differences in urban and rural areas, representative surveys. [From the public