Lietuvos parapijų špitolės ir špitolininkai katalikiškosios apšvietos epochoje

LTXVIII a. antrosios pusės dekanatų vizitacijos, to meto vyskupų ganytojiški laiškai bei jau esami tyrimai atskleidžia, kaip požiūris į vargšus, formuotas katalikiškosios Apšvietos hierarchų, praktiškai reiškėsi Lietuvos parapijų špitolių ir špitolininkų gyvenime. Lyginant „idealųjį“ katalikiškosios Apšvietos Lietuvoje variantą su realia situacija parapijų špitolėse, atskleidžiama XVIII a. antroje pusėje naujai susiformavusi vargšų bei elgetavimo samprata. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė; Lietuvos XVIII a. istorija; Katalikų bažnyčia; Parapijos; Prieglaudos. Keywords: The Great Duchy of Lithuania; The Lithuanian XVIII c. history; The Catholic Church; Parish; Alms-houses.

ENThe object of this study is Lithuanian parish alms-houses and their residents, who are examined as a reflection of the Catholic Enlightenment. The paper, based on documents of the parish visitations, parish alms-house books, and official letters, covers the attitude towards the poor and how this attitude was practically expressed in the life of the parish alms-houses. This paper covers the events between the second half of the 18th c. and the first half of the 19th c. The activities of the bishops of Lithuania in the period of Enlightenment - Ignotas Jokūbas Masalskis, Juozapas Arnulfas Giedraitis and Jonas Nepomukas Kosakovskis - are examined. In the period of the Catholic Enlightenment, a new definition of the poor was built. The Hierarchy of the Church was determined to control the people, who declared themselves as poor, but likely were not ones. The dispersion of alms was restricted. The poor needed to prove their poverty. The visitations of parish alms-houses also began. The ideas of the Catholic Enlightenment were seen through greater attention towards material things. The buildings of alms-houses we repaired and the poor were given alms. The plebeians of the parishes played an important role in the philanthropic activities Not all ideas of the Catholic Enlightenment were realised. The problem of the poor people was still relevant. On the other hand, the poor were continuously supported and the alms-houses were becoming a usual part of the parishes of Lithuania. [From the publication]

• Teologija / Theology
• Istorija / History