Blinstrubiškių miško partizanai: istorija, archeologija ir paveldosauga

• Panevėžio kraštotyros muziejus: straipsnio tekstas

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama Blinstrubiškių miško (Raseinių r., Viduklės sen.) partizanų istorija, daug dėmesio skiriant 1951 m. kovo 27 d. įvykusioms kautynėms. Analizuojami 2017 m. Blinstrubiškių miške surengtos kompleksinės ekspedicijos rezultatai, pateikiami surinkti istoriniai ir archeologiniai duomenys, į šio miško partizanų žeminę žvelgiama iš paveldosaugos perspektyvos. Nagrinėjant įvairius šaltinius, atskleidžiamos kompleksinių tyrimų galimybės ir reikšmė, juos interpretuojant piešiamas spalvingas Blinstrubiškių miško partizanų paveikslas. [Iš Įvado]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Blistrubiškių miškas; Partizanai; Žeminė; Bunkeris; Karo paveldas. Keywords: Blinstrubiškiai forest; Partisans; Dugout; Bunker; War heritage.

ENThe partisans dugout (bunker) of the Blinstrubiškiai forest (Raseiniai district, Viduklė eldership) (Figures 1, 2) takes an important place in the narrative of the Lithuanian partisan war. In November, 1950 the partisans of Kestutis Command Birutė Special Team (Dubysa district) settled in the dugout and there operated two headquarters. On the 27th of March, 1951 during the Blinstrubiškiai forest fights six freedom fighters were killed: the Chief of Birutė Special Team headquarters Vincas Pluščiauskass, the Chief of the Administration and Economy department of Dubysa District Napoleonas Lukošius-Jaunutis, the partisans Simas Lukošius-Jurgutis, Antanas Narbutas, Jonas Narbutas and Bronius Žaikauskas-Beržas. Vytautas Barauskas-Teisutis was arrested alive, Antanas Janušas-Skudutis escaped from killing and arresting. The dugout (bunker) destruction and partisan deaths struck the painful blow for the partisans of Birutė Special Team and Dubysa district. After the restoration of Independence the local community mostly cared for the Blinstrubiškiai forest dugout and the partisan commemoration. The state institutions were only observers for a long period. Recent events include arbitrary excavation and restoration work, and the legal acts that followed have opened up the blunt problem of the legal status of the Blinstrubiškiai forest dugout, its conservation and scientific cognition. In 2017 the archaeological explorations were organized in the dugout environment, which have expanded and enriched the picture of the Blinstrubiškiai forest partisans drawn by the data of Soviet security files. 787 findings were discovered: ammunition, the parts of hand grenades, outfit, clothing, household, hygiene and medical supplies, the details of the dugout construction, various other objects (Figures 3, 4). These findings provided significant data on the battles in the Blinstrubiškiai forest, the armament of freedom fighters, everyday life and household.The archaeological expedition had the desire to preserve the authentic place of the dugout and its environment. The expedition discovered that the dugout was located in about 1,15 m deep and pine wood was used for its construction. There was detected the splinters of burnt wooden floor, the carbon reservoirs, burnt nails, which were good illustration of the fire during the battles. Among the ammunition there prevailed the unused German and French cartridges and this confirms the oral stories of the local inhabitants that there was no battle at the Blinstrubiškiai forest dugout (bunker). After archaeological researches there remained undetermined the battle area and the directions of Soviet forces attacks as well as partisan withdrawal. However, the parts of German hand grenades, which were discovered near the dugout and empty German and French tubes in the trench going to the south-east of the dugout testify the partisans1 resistance. These findings suggest that we should look for the battlefields and partisans4 death places in the south, south-west and south-east directions. The survey of the Blinstrubiškiai forest dugout environment revealed the importance and opportunities of complex research. Comprehensive studies of Lithuanian partisan war could be successful only by comparing historical and archaeological data, looking for their consistency, analyzing and interpreting the study results. [From the publication]