Darbības vārda veids latviešu un lietuviešu valodā – viena un tā pati vai tomēr atšķirīga kategorija?

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Veiksmažodis; Gramatinė kategorija; Aspektas; Netobulas / tobulas veiksmas; Savaiminis / pasikartojantis veiksmas. Keywords: Verb; Grammatical category; Aspect; Imperfective / perfective action; Semelfactive / iterative action.

ENThe aspect is one of the most significant features of Latvian and Lithuanian verbs. However, the analysis and classification of aspectual meanings is a particularly complex question in grammar of both languages. It depends on the fact that aspectual meanings are not completely grammaticalized in Latvian and Lithuanian. Therefore, unlike such categories as tense, mood or person, the description of verbal aspect usually is divided between word-formation and inflection in grammars of both languages. The description of verbal aspect is at least partially rooted in Russian linguistics, where the main aspectual opposition is imperfect / perfect verbal meanings based on unprefixed / prefixed verb pairs. For this reason, the opposition of imperfect / perfect aspect is considered as the main one also in the Baltic languages. Despite the similarities, the aspectual meanings are significantly less grammaticalized in Baltics. In addition, there are different aspectual peculiarities both in Latvian and Lithuanian. This research can be considered as an attempt to compare synchronically aspectual features and traditions of their description in grammars of Latvian and Lithuanian. [From the publication]