Palyginimai Danutės Kalinauskaitės knygoje "Niekada nežinai"
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Palyginimai; Tema; Rema; Jungtukai. Keywords: Similes; Theme; Rheme; Connectives.
ENSimile is based upon an analogy between two things. To use a simile is to characterize one thing by relating it to another thing belonging to a different class of things. The following elements of analogy are distinguished: the thing which is characterized (the Theme), the thing by which it is characterized (the Rheme), and the basis of the analogy. The elements of the analogy are expressed by the following connectives: kaip (like), lyg (as), tartum (as if), etc. The paper discusses the similes that have connectives in Danutė Kalinauskaitė's book "Niekada nežinai". The material of the research comprises 273 similes that have connectives: 224 of them are not included in the Dictionary of Phraseologisms (FŽ) and the Dictionary of Similes (PŽ), 49 similes are fixed in the dictionaries. Having analysed the similes in the book, the following conclusions have been drawn: 1. The centre of the Theme and the Rheme of the similes that are not fixed in the dictionaries is usually the noun (83%); the partial similes dominate (91% of all noun-based similes). 1.1. The centre of the Theme is usually the noun expressing a thing (77%): they are the nouns that may express a living being (52%) and a non-living being (48%). Out of the names of living beings it is usually a person that is compared to something (72%). 1.2. The centre of the Rheme is usually the names of things (94%), out of which nouns expressing non-living beings prevail (69%). The noun in the centre of the Rheme is usually used together with the words describing the thing (74%). 1.3. The similes where initially the Theme is indicated prevail in the book (92%).2. The Theme of non-nominal similes and even more often the Rheme are extended. In this way an elaborated image of compared phenomena is created. 3. Out of the words connecting the elements of simile, the connective kaip (like) prevails: it makes 78% of all similes, the connective lyg (as) makes 17%, other connectives are used rarely. 4. There are nonce-word similes found in the book that are not fixed in the dictionaries, they constitute 82%. Moreover, even the similes fixed in the dictionaries are often modified and expanded. 5. According to the data of Corpus of the Contemporary Lithuanian Language, some of the similes that are not included in the dictionaries (e.g. kaip atversta knyga, kaip oras, kaip žiurkė iš skęstančio laivo) are often restored (i.e., they are trite), therefore, they could be included in PŽ. [From the publication]
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