Socialinio darbuotojo darbo turinio pokyčiai teikiant paslaugas bendruomeniniuose vaikų globos namuose vaikams su intelekto ir (ar) psichikos negalia

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Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Socialinio darbuotojo darbo turinio pokyčiai teikiant paslaugas bendruomeniniuose vaikų globos namuose vaikams su intelekto ir (ar) psichikos negalia
Alternative Title:
Changes in the content of social work when providing services to children with intellectual and (or) mental disabilities in community-based care homes for children
Authors:
In the Journal:
Social inquiry into well-being [Socialinės gerovės tyrimai]. 2021, 19, 2, p. 114-133
Subject Category:
LT
Socialinė pagalba. Globa / Social assistance. Care; Neįgalieji / Disabled persons; Socialiniai darbuotojai / Social workers; Vaikai / Children.
Summary / Abstract:

LTStraipsnyje analizuojamas socialinių darbuotojų, dirbančių su intelekto ir (ar) psichikos negalią turinčiais vaikais bendruomeniniuose vaikų globos namuose, darbo turinio pokyčiai pereinant nuo institucinių prie bendruomeninių paslaugų. Kai paslaugų gavėjai pereina gyventi į bendruomeninius vaikų globos namus, socialiniams darbuotojams tenka atsakomybė ir už vidutinę ar sunkią negalią turinčių klientų integraciją į visuomenę, paslaugų ieškojimą bendruomenėje, nebelieka įstaigos struktūros ir sumažėja teikiančio paslaugas personalo. Todėl, dirbant bendruomenėje su neįgaliais vaikais, socialinio darbuotojo darbo pobūdis įgauna kitokią formą nei dirbant institucijoje. Siekiant atskleisti socialinių darbuotojų darbo turinį, kai pereinama nuo institucinių prie bendruomeninių paslaugų, buvo pasitelktas kokybinis tyrimas, analizuota socialinių darbuotojų, dirbančių su intelekto ir (ar) psichikos negalią turinčiais vaikais, patirtis. Tyrime dalyvavo septyni socialiniai darbuotojai. Tyrime taikyti metodai: teoriniai – mokslinės literatūros, dokumentų lyginimas, apibendrinimas; empiriniai – pusiau struktūruotas interviu kokybiniams duomenims surinkti; kokybinis turinio (angl. content) analizės metodas – interviu duomenims analizuoti.Vykstant pertvarkai socialinių darbuotojų, dirbančių bendruomeniniuose vaikų globos namuose, pareigos pasipildė naujomis funkcijomis: pirkti maisto produktų, užtikrinti ir organizuoti maisto gamybą; prižiūrėti drabužius ir patalynę; vesti užimtumo veiklą, pasirūpinti namų ūkiu, patiems vykti atnaujinti vaiko dokumentus, užtikrinti nuotolinį ugdymą. Tyrimas atskleidė socialinių darbuotojų, dirbančių bendruomeniniuose vaikų globos namuose, naujas atsakomybės rūšis, susijusias su vaiku: atsakomybę už vaiko sveikatos būklę, pasirūpinimą, kad būtų suvartoti paskirti medikamentai, ir atsakomybę vykstant viešuoju transportu su vaikais. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad, vykstant pertvarkai, socialiniams darbuotojams padaugėjo pareigų: bendradarbiauti su medicinos įstaigų darbuotojais, bendradarbiauti su mokyklų ir (ar) ugdymo įstaigų darbuotojais, bendradarbiauti su kitų įstaigų personalu dėl laisvalaikio ir (ar) užimtumo, prižiūrėti šildymo sistemą, teritoriją, pateikti informaciją apie namų skaitiklių rodmenis. Socialinio darbuotojo vaidmuo tampa daugiafunkcis, įvairiapusis. [Iš leidinio]

ENDue to obligations to the European Union and non-governmental organisations, the process of the transformation of institutional care began in Lithuania in 2012 with the goal “by 2030 to develop a consistent and coordinated system of assistance and services that would enable every disabled child, child deprived of parental care, disabled person to receive individual services and necessary assistance according to one’s needs, to get involved and participate in the life of the community without social exclusion, for every disabled child deprived of parental care to grow in a safe and developmentally friendly environment in the biological, in the absence thereof – in a foster family, in exceptional cases creating conditions as close as possible to the family ones” (Order of the Minister of Social Security and Labour of the Republic of Lithuania “Concerning Approval of the Strategic Guidelines for Deinstitutionalisation of the Social Care Homes for Disabled Children, Children Deprived of Parental Care, and Adult Disabled Persons”, 2012). The successful implementation of the goals of deinstitutionalisation requires the involvement of employees working in social care structures. Therefore, employees of care institutions are identified as one of the tools to implement changes in the provision of social services. T. H. Butler and C. K. Hammond (2003) claimed that the loyalty of institutional staff helps institutions to fulfil their functions. J. Campbell et al. (2018) emphasised the importance of social workers’ values, knowledge, and skills in the implementation of the rights of persons with disabilities. In the context of transformation, the integration of recipients of services into the community is a particularly important aspect when providing social care services.When working in a community with children with disabilities, in order to achieve full integration into the community, the nature of the work of a social worker acquires a different form than when working in an institution. The research object of this paper is the content and functions of the work of social workers in the transition from institutional to community-based services. The aim of this article is to reveal the content and functions of the work of social workers in the transition from institutional to community-based services based on the experience of social workers working with children with intellectual and (or) mental disabilities. The following methods were used: theoretical – in the comparison and generalisation of scientific literature and documents; empirical – via semi-structured interviews for the collection of qualitative data; and qualitative content analysis – in the analysis of interview data. In order to reveal the content and functions of the work of social workers in the transition from institutional to community-based services, qualitative research was conducted and the experience of social workers working with children with intellectual and (or) mental disabilities was analysed. This article analyses the following question: How do the content and functions of social work change when providing long-term social care services in a community? There were 7 social workers who participated in this research, and the research sample was targeted and criterion based. The applied criteria selected social workers: 1) with a degree in social work; 2) working with children with intellectual and (or) mental disabilities in community-based care homes for children; and 3) with no less than six months of work experience in community-based care homes for children. [...].The results of the research revealed that the reorganisation of social care structures inevitably influenced the change in the organisation of the provision of social care services. A change in the provision of social care services affects the content and functions of the work of a social worker employed in a community-based care home for children. There are employees of various posts working in institutional social care structures. Therefore, the organisation of work takes place through the structural division of work functions among separate units within the care institution. The provision of social care services in community-based care homes for children changes the order of work organisation, and some posts cease to exist. Thus, in the context of the transformation, for social workers employed in community-based care homes for children the content of the work was supplemented with new functions, including: the purchase of food products and ensuring food production and organisation, the care of clothes and bedding, conducting employment activities, the need to take care of the household, having to go and update the child’s documents by themselves, and ensuring distanced education. It should be noted that the provision of social care services in community-based care homes for children is a relatively new way of providing services, thus care institutions do not have a unified way of exchanging the documents of children with intellectual and (or) mental disabilities – there are social care institutions where there has been no change in the way documents are exchanged. The provision of distanced education by a social worker employed in a community-based care home for children was carried out only during the period of the COVID-19 quarantine in Lithuania. [...]. [From the publication]

DOI:
10.13165/SD-21-19-2-08
ISSN:
2783-5502
Subject:
Sociologija / Sociology
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Permalink:
https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/96788
Updated:
2023-09-20 17:48:14
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