Tiesioginių užsienio investicijų poveikis tarptautinei prekybai

• Leda.lt: knygos tekstas

• Kušleikienė, Lina
• Šivickienė, Renata

LTŠiandieniniame pasaulyje investicijų reikšmė nuolat auga, todėl tiesioginių užsienio investicijų pritraukimas tampa vis svarbesnis šalių vystymuisi. Tiesioginės užsienio investicijos daugelio autorių pripažįstamos vienu svarbiausių ekonominio šalies vystymosi veiksnių. Tiesioginių užsienio investicijų poveikis priklauso nuo to, kokia forma jos yra gaunamos ir kokiu tikslu yra investuojama šalyje. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiamos teorinis tiesioginių užsienio investicijų poveikio jas priimančios šalies tarptautinei prekybai įžvalgos ir atliekamas empirinis šio poveikio tyrimas Lietuvos pavyzdžiu. Tyrimas atliekamas koreliacinės ir regresinės analizės metodų pagalba. Analizei panaudoti 2010-2019 metų duomenys, paimti iš Lietuvos statistikos departamento duomenų bazės. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia šių ekonominių reiškinių priklausomybę. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Tiesioginės užsienio investicijos, eksportas, importas, tarptautinė prekyba. Keywords: Foreign direct investment, export, import, international trade.

ENForeign direct investment (FDI) is recognized as one of the key factors for economic development of the country by stimulating foreign trade, technology transfer and etc. Foreign direct investments have quite a significant impact on export volumes, because some multinational corporations in order to increase their profitability, are investing in other countries, where labor and other factors of production is cheaper. Products produced in those countries are often exported to other countries where it can be sold more profitably. The aim of the article is to research the impact of FDI in host countries for international trade insights of the Lithuanian example. The empirical part of the paper examines the relationship between FDI and export from Lithuania and between FDI and import, examines the effects of foreign direct investment on the competitiveness of homecountry export and import, using data for the period 2010 to 2019. The methods of the research include systematic and comparative analysis of the scientific literature, correlation and regression analysis. Problem of the research is that there is a lack of the studies to analyse how FDI influence international trade in Lithuania case and if the increase of FDI in separated economic branches determines the growth of export and import as well.This article is aimed at researching the impact of FDI in host countries for international trade insights of the Lithuanian example. The aim has been detailed into the following objectives: 1) with reference to the scientific literature, to assess the impact of foreign direct investment on international trade; 2) to perform comparative analysis of Lithuanian investment and international trade during period 2010 - 2019; 3) empirically evaluate impact of FDI on Lithuanian exports and import, using methods such as correlation and regression analysis. The analysis of the scientific literature has revealed that the increase of FDI leads to the increase of international trade. This tendency is mostly determined by the fact that international companies that directly invest in foreign markets are more exportorientated. The results of the research have revealed that the most intense impact to Lithuanian exports and import creates FDI to financial and insurance and Whole sale and retail trade branches. [From the publication]