Vertybės sporte

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama sporto vertybių samprata. Vertybės yra universalios, nes jos yra ašys, palaikančios visus gyvenimo aspektus. Todėl galima teigti, jog dalyvavimas sportinėje veikloje taip pat yra grindžiamas vertybiniais svertais. Tyrimo tikslas: išanalizuoti vertybių sporte sampratą ir vertybių ugdymo per sportą patirtį. Tyrimo metodas - užsienio ir Lietuvos mokslinės literatūros analizė ir apibendrinimas. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Sporto vertybės; Sporto vertybių ugdymas; Sportas; Sports values; Education of sports values; Sport.

ENValues and their education have been a research object of various fields of science for ages. Their significance is mentioned in the times of Socrates, Aristotle and Plato (Hartman, 2001). Antique philosophers highlighted moral and honesty values and the significance of their education in a human's life. Values are axes, by following which, people make choices and assess behaviour (Lee, et.al. 2000). Thus, both positive and negative behaviour is inseparable from the attitudes towards values, their formation and application in a daily life. Values are universal as they are axes, which support all aspects of life. Thus, it can be stated that a participation in sport activities is also based on the axes of values. According to a classical approach, sports seeks the following honesty and moral principles. However, according to Huizinga (1955), modern sports is "a world in the world", where usual restrictions of a daily life are left aside for a while in order to overpass the traditional structure, enabling the constant moral norms. Such approach contradicts a classical understanding of sports based on morale that has been vivid since the first Olympic Games. Recently, although a lot of attention is paid to the sports values and their education, according to Vamplew (2013, 2015), modern sports is experiencing a cultural development from playful voluntary activities to corporate activities, the principles of which are based on the commercialism and the provision of entertainment. The modern sports disclose positive sportsmen’s characteristics such as persistence and leadership (Bäck, 2009; Malinauskas and Kardišauskas, 2016) which still are an aspiration beyond the boundaries of the playground (Brunelle et al., 2007; Smith, 2014).An increasing problem of aggressiveness among the youth involved in sports and those uninvolved, and after they have become professionals, is becoming an urgent scientific problem (Shen et al., 2010). The researchers frequently presume that the stereotypes of negative and aggressive behaviour, occurring in modern sports (Martinkova, 2014; Morris, 2014; Rosenberg, 2014), may be transgressing the social norms. Both sports and physical education have an impact on the personality's development, and the research data, conducted by foreign and Lithuanian scientists, reveal that the cause of all social problems is insufficient social maturity. Thus, an idea arose at the end of the 20th century, i.e. it is necessary to invoke educational programmes based on physical activities (Collingwood, 1997). It is indicated that educational programmes have to be designed in such a way that they fostered positive personality's socialisation as an aspirational priority (Salter, 1999; Shields, Bredemeier, 2001). The following fosters reviewing the studies in sportsmen's education of values of adolescents and youth, which aim at verification of the impact of the educational means, purposefully applied in sports activities for the education of values of the youth. There is a lack of such studies. Research object: the concept of values in sports and experience of the education of values through sports. Research aim: to analyse the concept of values in sports and the experience of the education of values through sports. Research objectives: 1. To disclose the concept of sports values. 2. To review the experience of the education of values through sports in the foreign and Lithuanian scientific literature. Research method: the analysis and review of the foreign and Lithuanian scientific literature.Conclusions 1. Sports values - an integral blend of values in life and sports, manifesting through the educational principles of morale, honesty moral and Olympic values, which foster an honourable behaviour in sports, based on social and ethical norms, facilitating conscious acceptance of social norms, attitudes and values, mostly complying with material, cultural and spiritual personality's needs. 2. Both Lithuanian and foreign authors tend to research morale, honesty moral and Olympic values by invoking similar tools. A presumption can be drawn that authors’ studies are related to the development of educational programmes of values in one way or another. The review of the scientific literature revealed that the majority of studies researched the sports values among children and youth in physical education lessons; however, there is a lack of publications analysing the integrated education of values in the field of sports. The scientific literature research leads to a conclusion that mostly moral/virtue and Olympic values are highlighted. There was no indication of a holistic and integral attitude towards values. [From the publication]