Išnykusio valstybinio Kernavės dvaro istorijos fragmentai
LTKalbant apie Kernavės paveldu dažniausiai iškyla gan plačiai tyrinėtų ir mokslinėje literatūroje reprezentuotų priešistorinių gyvenviečių ar viduramžių miesto vaizdinys. Visgi šiais istoriniais etapais Kernavės miestelio istorija nesibaigė. Sunykus ankstyvajam miestui, čia įkurdintas valstybinis dvaras, kuris, kartu su bažnyčia, tapo Kernavės miestelio ašimis. Iki šiol dvaro istorija mažai tyrinėta, kai kurie anksčiau surinkti duomenys pateikiami išbarstytai ar visai nepublikuoti. Tad straipsnyje siekiama sistemingai pateikti turimų informacijų apie dvaro valdytojus ir valdymų nuo pat ankstyviausių jo laikų iki sunykimo. Taip pat apibendrinti archyve saugomuose inventoriuose bei planuose atsispindinčių informacijų apie dvaro sodybos architektūrinį pobūdį bei raidų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Kernavė; Valstybinis dvaras; Dvaro inventoriai; Medinė architektūra; Kernavė; State manor; Manor inventors; Wooden architecture.
ENAfter the decay of medieval city of Kernavė and during the structural change of territorial governanc e of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Kernavė manor started to form in the end of 14th century, which existed up until reforms of second half of 19th century. During this time, Kernavė manor managed to stay in state's hands instead of becoming private possesion of nobility. According to historical circumstances, it is possible to distinguish three different stages of manor's development: early stage up until middle 16th century and second half of Duchy's inner reforms, middle stage up until the end of 18th century and absorbtion into the Russian empire, and the last stage - up until manor's decay in the second half of 19th century. The fact that the manor belonged to the state meant that there wa s a frequent change of governors, which wer e appointed by the ruler itself. Most of the data about change of governors can be accessed in Lithuania's metrics books and other documents which are being preserved in State Archive in Vilnius. In the documents the shown economi c shape of Kernavė manor is quite unclear. Nevertheless, according to various direct and indirect sources, conclusion can be made , that the stable condition of manor began to get wors e after reforms of 16th century. Manor, furnished by the ruler, wa s sometime s even exempt from usually neccesary taxes. Most of the manor's architectural development can be examined in the plans and inventories which range from the end of 17th century to the middl e 19th century. The most unclear stage of manor's development remains the earliest one. There are no sources if the earliest manor was formed in the same location or it was relocated to its current place (outskirts of the city, the end of Kriveikiškio st.) in middle or second part of 16th century.There are some archaeological research findings which indicate that there was a manor in this place at least from 16th century. From the end of 17th century to the 19th century Kernavė manor consisted of from 8 to 14 different types of buildings, neatly arranged around the courtyard. Buildings were made out of wood, and they corresponded with local general wooden architecture traditions both in building techniques and inner layout structures. Only in the 19th century did the masonry foundations were began to be used. [From the publication]
