Dabartinės piliakalnių tvarkymo tendencijos Vakarų Lietuvos piliaklanių pavyzdžiu

LTLietuva yra sukaupusi nemažą piliakalnių tvarkymo patirtį. Iš dabar žinomų 925 piliakalnių nuo XXI a. pradžios įvairiais būdais tvarkyta apie 200. Pagrindinės jų tvarkymo tendencijos analizuojamos remiantis Vakarų Lietuvos regiono (21 savivaldybė ir 13 saugomų teritorijų) piliakalniais. Iš čia esančių 266 piliakalnių tvarkymo darbai apėmė beveik pusę jų (132 piliakalnius). Vyraujantys tvarkybos darbai yra želdinių šalinimas, šienavimas, informacinių stendų įrengimas, nuorodų artimoje aplinkoje, laiptų, stovėjimo aikštelių įrengimai. Pagrindiniai piliakalnių tvarkymo iniciatoriai yra regioniniai parkai ir savivaldybės. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Piliakalniai; Piliakalnių tvarkymas; Pritaikymas lankymui; Vakarų Lietuva; Tvarkybos darbai; Hillforts; Maintenance of hillforts; Adaptation to attendance; Western Lithuania; Maintenance work.

ENThe year 2017 wa s declared by the Lithuanian government as the Year of the Hillforts, which instigated the general public's interest towards hillforts. Even though Lithuania has an extensive expe ­ rience in hillfort preservation, the aspects of maintenanc e have remained hardly explored as a subject matter. The study of hillfort preservation wa s begun in 1987 by architect Ricardas Stulpinas, w h o developed a methodology for maintenanc e of Skomantai (district of Klaipėda) hillfort. 200 hillforts (out of 925 currently known) wer e tidied up during the project of Lithuanian hillfort preservation carried out by the department of Cultural Heritage between 1991 and 2004. The main aspects of hillfort preservation are analysed through consideration of case studies from Western Lithuanian region (which includes 21 municipality, 12 regional parks and the national park of Žemaitija). 266 hillforts are located there and almost a half of them (132 in total) wer e tended to. The analysis of works carried out on the latter cases (considering aspects such as the most frequently performed tasks, initiators of work and their executors), helped establish main aspects of hillfort preservation methods used during the last couple of decade s (that is from the beginning of the 21st century). 70 % of the region's hillforts are cove ­ red in overgrown trees and bushes, which not only conceal valuable landscape but also disturb archaeological layers (fig. 1). Some of the required structures for visitors include stairs and pathways as installation of them can aid in decreasing damag e from high numbers of sightseers. However, as can be seen from figures 2 and 3, the building of such structures can sometime s go a little over the top. Further structures required for visitor comfort should be installed at the close proximity to hillforts.Thes e would include pointers, information stands, car parks, designated fire pits and spaces for rest. As wa s seen from the study, the most frequently performed works for hillfort preservation involved clearing of vegetation (48 %) , cutting overgrown grass (30.5 %) , installation of information stands (20 % ) and signposts (19 %) , building of stairs (18 %) and car parks (15 %) . Thes e works are usually initiated by regional parks and municipality authorities. 33 of all hillforts within the region (which make s up a total of 12 %) are seen as fully tidied up and adapted for visiting. Whereas, another 15 (of 59 in total) within the territories of regional parks have received the required maintenance works. [From the publication]