XVI a. ikireforminio Vilniaus pilies teismo knygos-kopijos Lietuvos Metrikoje: struktūrinė ir informacinė analizė

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Lietuvos Metrika; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Šaltiniai, istoriniai; Lithuanian metrica; Historical sources.

ENThe majority of the earliest extant fifteenth and sixteenth century books of the Lithuanian Metrica are not original - they are copies, produced in the late sixteenth century as a result of the organization of the chancery archive of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Today these copies together with the originals of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries make up the Lithuanian Metrica complex. For a long time the main problem of the researchers of the early books has been the degree of adequacy of the copies to their lost originals. However, the adequacy of the copy to the original is only a part of a major problem. The copies contain a number of other 'enigmas' in terms of their internal structure. Their explanation would disclose the peculiarities of the sixteenth-century society of the Duchy, its ability to manage the internal and external matters of the state and the interests of its individual citizens, as well as to record them in the form of documents. Some light on these problems could be shed researching individual books or their groups characterized by the typical features.The 23 extant late-sixteenth-century copies of the books of the pre-reformed Vilnius castle court, covering the years 1542-1564, are typical of the contemporary functioning of a local court chancery and its production. So far these copies have not yet been published and have been only superficially dealt with by researchers as a study source. The present paper is based on the structural and informational analysis of two copies - the book of the deputy palatine of Vilnius in 1549-1551 (LM, Book 238) and of the so-called appointed judges (LM, Book 40) of 1558-1559. These books could be treated as a source of historical reference, revealing the situation at the final stage of the formation of the social estates and the realization of legal norms in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, occasionally containing unique information, not to be found in any other sources on the realia of private and public life of the landowners. The material, succinctly accumulated in them, offers the scholars a chance to analyse important mid-sixteenth-century problems of proprietorial relations, legal and practical regulation of landholding, shows the relations between the nobility and other layers of society and the corresponding official documents, the technique of their preparation in the court chancery and their application in legal proceedings. [...]. [From the publication]