Pasikėsinimas į Vilniaus gubernijos bajorų vadovą Aleksandrą Domeiką

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Sukilimas, 1863-1864 (Lenkijos ir Lietuvos sukilimas; Sausio sukilimas; January Uprising).

ENThe third chapter discusses seven persons sentenced to death for belonging to the secret police squad of the uprising and an attempt on Domeyko. Muravyov demanded that landowners of the governorates under his jurisdiction sign a humble letter, a so-called address, condemning the uprising and recognising Lithuania as part of Russia since times immemorial. The adequate candidate to organise the collection of signatures was the leader of nobles of the Vilnius Governorate Aleksander Domeyko, who belonged to the "white" group at the start of the uprising and demonstrated patriotism at that time. That is why the executive department of the Lithuanian provinces sentenced Domeyko to death. The secret police squad of the Vilnius rebel organisation (so-called gendarmerie) was to be placed in charge of the execution of the sentence. When the members of the Vilnius secret police squad refused to do it, assassins were sent from Warsaw. An attempt took place on 30 July 1863, during which Domeyko was lightly wounded. It caused a wave of arrests, and several members of the executive department of the Lithuanian provinces were arrested. Several members of the secret police squad were quickly disclosed. They were betrayed by their associates who were caught by accident - Vilnius citizens Aleksander Miroshnikov and Feliks Wojciechowski. Muravyov took into account the seriousness of the information about the organisation performing political assassinations and urgently founded a new Special Interrogation Commission for Political Cases, placing it in charge of tracking down all so-called Polish gendarmes, ascertaining their links to the rebels and arresting everyone who supported the uprising. Major general Pyotr Sobolevsky was appointed the chair of the Commission.On August 2, residents of the Užupis and Po-piškės suburbs of Vilnius, petty noblemen Aleksander (ca. 1836-1863 08 05) and Józef (ca. 1827-1863 08 05) Rewkowski, Józef (1842 12 22-1863 08 07) and Władysław Jabłoński, and Karol Sipowicz (1842 11 04-1863 08 07) were arrested. They were charged with serving in the secret police, spying and plotting to kill Domeyko. They did not plead guilty, and Sipowicz refused to testify. The commission could not prove the guilt of Władysław Jabłoński, and much later he was released. On August 4, Józef Jabłoński and the brothers Rewkowski and Sipowicz were placed under court martial founded at the headquarters of the 1st infantry division. Their associate Bolesław Łomanowicz who was arrested during a search of another flat and voluntarily testified was placed under court martial as well. Court sentenced all five arrestees to death by shooting. Muravyov ordered Łomanowicz to be deported, and the rest to be hanged. The brothers Rewkowski were hanged in Lukiškių Square on August 5, and two days later, on August 7, his peers Józef Jabłoński and Sipowicz were hanged there too. Soon the real executors of the attempt on Domeyko - assassins from Warsaw Jan Bieńkowski (1837-1863 08 28) and Jan Marczewski (1839-1863 08 28), as well as a member of the Vilnius secret police Edward Czapliński (1845-1863 08 28) - were tracked down. Marczewski was arrested on August 3, but the interrogators linked him to the case of Bieńkowski and Czapliński arrested on August 5 at the Vilnius railway station only when Bieńkowski testified. After a long and excruciating interrogation, Sobolevsky's commission revealed all the details of the attempt on Domeyko, and on August 24, the arrestees were placed under the court martial commission at the headquarters of the 1st infantry division.The petty noble Izydor Osmolski who was hiding Marczewski, and the noble of the Lida district Władysław Tumulewicz who was related to the rebels, were also tried with them. The court sentenced Bieńkowski, Czapliński, Marczewski and Osmolski to be shot, and the youngest of them, the seventeen-year-old Tumulewicz, to be stripped of a noble's rights and deported to remote governorates of the Russian Empire, other than Siberia. Yet Muravyov changed the court order: Bieńkowski, Czapliński and Marczewski to be hanged, Osmolski to be deported for twelve years, and Tumulewicz to be sent away to serve as a private in units deployed in the Amur region. Bieńkowski, Czapliński and Marczewski were executed on 28 August 1863 in Lukiškių Square. [From the publication p. 206]