"Už revoliucinio manifesto skaitymą ir valstiečių raginimą sukilti"

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Sukilimas, 1863-1864 (Lenkijos ir Lietuvos sukilimas; Sausio sukilimas; January Uprising); Lenkijos vyriausybės manifestas.

ENThe second chapter discusses the first victims of Muravyov's repressions: the priests Stanisław Iszora (1838 03 31-1863 05 22) and Rajmund Ziemacki (1810 09 07-1863 05 24), the son of landowner Albert Laskowicz (1840 04 15- 1863 05 24), and the estate manager Julian Leśniewski (1832-1863 06 10). The latter was the son of a teacher of the Kingdom of Poland, natural scientist and writer Paweł Leśniewski, and the brother of opera singers Ludwika Leśniewska and Magdalena Leśniewska-Domher. On 27 January 1863, the Ishchalna parish dean of the Lida district Adam Falkowski, the Zhaludko parish vicar Stanisław Iszora, and the Vaverka parish priest Rajmund Ziemacki from their pulpits read the address of the provinces of Lithuania and Rus' to peasants, proclaiming their freedom, the right to own land, and equality with nobles, and urging them to unite for common struggle. Later it turned out that the priests were made to read the manifesto by the rebels under the threat of punishment for not obeying the orders. Church services were attended by residents of the surrounding manors and villages. The text of the manifesto was multiplied from Falkowski's copy by Leśniewski, the manager of count Stanisław Grabowski's Vialikaie Mazheikava estate and a native of Podlachia. He handed out the copies to the estate's stewards, told them to relieve the peasants from corvėe and pay them for their work. Laskowicz described the content of the manifesto to the servants of his brother, peace mediator Julian Laskowicz's Chap-leushchyzna (Stoki) estate.Unusual commotion in Grabowski's estate was noticed by the Orthodox priest of Dzikushki Transfiguration of the Lord Church Andrey Sotsevich, who informed the authorities. The servant Anna Czelekówna informed the military authorities about the meetings of the neighbouring landowners that took place in Laskowicz's estate, the weapons held in the estate and the distribution of the manifesto, and other participants were tracked down by the local police. The suspects - the priests of the aforementioned churches, stewards and several landowners - were arrested by the head of the Lida district police Salich Bogdanowicz and the junior captain of the gendarme team Pavel Bakanov, and interrogated by the Lida district military commander, lieutenant-colonel Vassily Kazanli. The cases of Iszora, the organist of the Zha-ludok church Adam Kolesiński, Ziemacki, Falkowski, Leśniewski, the steward of the Dzikushki folwark Adam Pawłowicz and Laskowicz were sent to the Interrogation Commission for Political Cases in Vilnius. The Lida district landowner Michał Sosonko's son Adam was also under the Commissions radar for distributing the manifesto. Arrested in February, they were detained until early May. The general governor of Vilnius Vladimir Nazi-mov placed the participants of the events in the Lida district under court martial. The courts (a court martial at the headquarters of the 2nd infantry division and the court martial commission at the Vilnius Ordinance House) sentenced all the accused for the distribution of the revolutionary manifesto and instigation of peasants to death by shooting, except Adam Sosonko, who denounced himself by writing a fake bailiff's report and feigned mental deficiency His fate was to be decided by higher authorities.Muravyov approved of all the court sentences except for two: he ordered the organist Kolesiński and the steward Pawłowicz to be deported to work in coalmines for twelve years, and pardoned Sosonko but ordered him to be sent to the Kostroma Governorate and to be kept there until the end of the uprising under police watch. Muravyov's first victim was the Zhaludok vicar Stanisław Iszora, who was executed by shooting on 22 May 1863 in Lukiškių Square in Vilnius. Ziemacki and Laskowicz were also executed by shooting in the same square at the Church of St Philip and St James on May 24. On June 6, Leśniewski was executed in the same place, and Falkowski was executed by shooting on June 13 in Lida. [From the publication p. 205]