Žalioji pasaulėžiūra ir aplinkosauginės žmogaus teisės kaip socialinio darbo galimybės kurti tvarią aplinką

LTStraipsnyje aptariami du galimi aplinkosaugos ir socialinio darbo sankirtos laukai: žaliojo socialinio darbo konceptas bei aplinkosaugos ir žmogaus teisių sąsajos. Kartu siekiama atverti šią aktualią socialinio darbo erdvę diskusijoms ir tolesniems tyrimams. Analizuojamos žaliojo socialinio darbo ištakos, socialinio darbo profesijos iššūkiai, kylantys prisitaikant prie tvaraus vystymosi siekiančio pasaulio. Konstatuojama, kad socialinio darbo moksle ir praktikoje būtina keisti paradigmą, akcentuojant bendruomenės stiprinimą, kolektyvinę atsakomybę, socialinio ir aplinkosauginio teisingumo sąsajas. Pristatomi du aplinkosauginių žmogaus teisių pagrindimo diskursai: vienas akcentuoja sveiką aplinką, kaip žmogaus teisių įgyvendinimo sąlygą, kitas dėmenis sukeičia vietomis ir žmogaus teises mato kaip aplinkosaugos problemų sprendimo priemonę. Taigi aplinkosaugos idėjų įtraukimas į socialinio darbo veikos erdvę suteiktų profesijai šiuo metu mažai išnaudojamą makrodimensiją, kartu gerokai praplėstų ir įprasmintų profesionalizacijos procesą. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Žaliasis socialinis darbas; Aplinkosauginės žmogaus teisės; Aplinkosauginis teisingumas; Socialinio darbo profesionalizacija; Struktūrinis socialinis darbas; Green social work; Environmental human rights; Environmental justice; Social work professionalization; Structural social work.

EN[...] The aim of the article is to discuss two possible areas of intersection of environmental protection and social work: green social work and environmental human rights. Herewith, the article seeks to open this current topic of social work for further discussions and research. [...] Green social work takes its origins from structural social work. Structural social work aims to promote a third way lying between theories of systemic functionalism and social conflict. It accepts the role of social structures in causing and/ or deepening problems of individuals and offers possible interventions to abate the structural origins of social problems. On the first sight it may seem similar to the theory of social conflict. [...] Social work should assume the increasingly weightier political role in highlighting these trajectories and revealing the impact of political-economical decisions and uneven resource distribution on the vulnerable groups of society. Only by turning faceward to society and working hand in hand with it, together with the understanding of wider context, social work may stay relevant in the 21st century. The sustainable development agenda of United Nations “Be the change” calls for ending all kinds of violence, harmonizing economic, social, and technological progress with the nature, developing sustainable violence-free communities and protecting the planet from deterioration by 2030. [...].The ideas of green social work by promoting the expanse of social work into a macro-level of activities, community development, political and ecological processes might also serve as missing component which would complement and enrich the process of professionalization. At the same time, it would be a timely response to a criticism which Lithuania receives due to an increasing level of social exclusion, and lack of social justice, as well as an input into development of a sustainable society. [...] Two discourses of explanation of links between human rights and environment protection might be found in literature. One of them argues that human rights cannot be protected in polluted, destroyed natural environment, and thus sees healthy environment as an essential condition for implementation of human rights.This approach appeals to the legal obligations of the states which have ratified the human rights legislation and calls for their duties to create and protect such environment. Another discourse switches these two components around and maintains that human rights can and should become an effective tool for solution of environmental problems. This discourse is widely presented in the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and emphasizes the importance of citizens involvement in the decision making and access to information. This approach does not focus on the discussion whether environmental human rights should be accepted or not, instead it utilizes three interconnected dimensions: social, economic and ecologic, to show that the existing human rights documents could be embraced to create a safer and sustainable environment. Social work, in this case, becomes one of the agents to balance these three dimensions, as only the proportional development of them eventually is beneficial to the society. Social work as a profession cherishing social justice, empowerment and human rights might become one of the champions of the environmental justice. Social work in Lithuania declares to embrace a systemic approach, however its practice so far expands to micro and, partially, meso levels at most. Transition to a contextualised model presented above in the article (Picture 1), bigger focus on community development, individual and communal rights to clean environment, increased efforts to achieve social and intergenerational justice would not only allow social work to expand into underutilised macro dimension but would also enhance an ongoing process of professionalization. [From the publication]

• Aplinkos apsauga žmogaus teisių kontekste / Indrė Žvaigždinienė. Teisė. 2011, t. 78, p. 152-167.
• Žmogaus teisės į sveiką aplinką statuso identifikavimo problemos / Gintaras Gaidys. Socialinių mokslų studijos. 2009, Nr. 1, p. 51-62.