Profesinės leksikos variantų konkurencija studentų kalboje

LTStraipsnyje aptariamas profesinės leksikos variantiškumas studentų kalboje. Skirtinguose kalbininkų darbuose variantiškumas traktuojamas įvairiai, kartais variantiškumas lyginamas su konkurencija. Tai rodo, kad nėra visuotinai priimtinos jų sampratos. Straipsnyje analizuojami variantiškumo ir konkurencijos reiškiniai, apibrėžtas varianto ir konkurento santykis bei jų vartojimo tendencijos studentų profesinėje kalboje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Profesinė leksika; Skoliniai; Variantiškumas; Variantiškumas, konkurencija; Competition; Language variability; Lithuanian; Loanwords; Professional lexical variants; Professional lexis; Variability.

ENThe total stock of words in any language is called lexis. It is the fastest changing area of language alterations caused by the emergence of new things or phenomena in life. For naming them, words are borrowed or new ones are created. Loanwords, i.e. international or foreign words, often have Lithuanian equivalents or substitutes. It leads to several variants of the same lexeme, however, not all of them are appropriate for the use in general language, therefore, incorrect. Language variability, i.e. the ability of a language to convey the same content through different means of expression, causes a long-standing interest for researchers. In contemporary linguistics, a considerable attention is paid to variability studies realizing that it is an inevitable consequence of language evolution, a regular expression of language changes. The variability in the Lithuanian linguistics is little investigated since practical issues of the standard language use are most often addressed. As a language phenomenon, variability is analyzed in various aspects depending on what is investigated and the purpose. In the works of different researchers, the concept of variability, as well as competition, varies widely and is always redefined and interpreted. It shows the complexity of variability and the lack of more detailed studies in this area. Regardless of the diversity of the concept or position according to which the phenomenon of variability (competition) is constantly analyzed, it is generally agreed that variants are necessary for a language, and the change of means of expression that determines variability is the result of the language development process. However, due to excessive variability, communication can be aggravated or even lead to miscommunication.Professional lexis is also continuously renewing as new words are created, and new borrowings emerge. Thus, it is important to determine the use of patterns of vocabulary variants in the students’ professional language in order to avoid inaccurate meanings of international and foreign words as well as unacceptable barbarisms and avoidable loanwords. The aim of the research is to analyze the variability of professional lexis and the competition of variants in the students’ language. The objectives of the research: 1. To survey the concepts of variability and competition in scientific literature; 2. To identify the competition of professional lexical variants in the students’ language. The object of the research is students’ professional language. The methods of the research: 1. The analysis of scientific literature; 2. Written survey of students. The analysis of scientific literature revealed that variations in a language are necessary, and the change of the means of language expression determining variability is the result of language development. However, excessive variability can aggravate communication and cause mistakes in a language. Based on the results of the empirical research, it can be stated that in the professional language students equally use international words and their equivalents in Lithuanian and Lithuanian language substitutes outrival avoidable loanwords and unacceptable barbarisms. [From the publication]