Prancūzų kraštovaizdžio architekto ir urbanisto E. André (1840–1911) mokykla – jos idėjų įtaka ir plėtotė pasaulyje

LTStraipsnyje pristatoma ir nagrinėjama žymaus prancūzų kraštovaizdžio architekto, parkų kūrėjo Edouardo André (1840–1911) biuro ir mokyklos įtaka Europoje ir pasaulyje. Straipsnyje akcentuojama parkų, skverų, promenadų kūrimo patirtis ir dėsningumai, kurių pažinimas yra reikšmingas tolesnei Lietuvos parkų meno, miestų planavimo raidai, kultūros paveldo apsaugai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Edouard Andre; Edouard Andre, Prancūzija; Edouard André; Miesto parkas; Parkai; Prancūzija (France); Želdiniai; Želdynai; City park; Edouard Andre; Edouard Andre, France; Edouard André; France; Greenery; Park project; Project of park.

ENThis article provides a review of the creation of French landscape architect Edouard André’s landscape agency. E. André’s school arsenal of creative sources are presented in Table 1 and include the old publications of Gabriel Thouin (1747–1820), Arthur Mangin (1824–1887), Adolphe Alpand (1817–1891) also the famous treatise of Edouard André L’art des jardins (1879) and famous Wild Garden (1870) of William Robinson. Many landscape architects’ and former collaborators’ as Dutch Hugo Portman (1858–1953), French Henri Nivet (1863–1941), René André (1867–1942), Octave Godard (1877–1958) creative biographies are presented and discussed in this article. French-Argentine landscape architect Charles Thays (1849–1934), Belgian Jules Buyssens (1872–1958) and French Henri Martinet (1867–1936) were formerly presented in several own articles (2013, 2014, 2015). The main principles of André’s school creation are: – the tradition of mixed planning picturesque park; – all parks very well integrated in urban context; – excellent knowledge of the area conditions; – the harmonisation of French and local traditions; – great respect for local plants, wide use of flowering plants, especially roses; – apologetics for the dendrological collections using the resources of local dendroflora. The article is prepared according to the data collected by the authors. The analogies of park features and picturesque elements are analysed and presented by pictures. The experience of public green spaces – parks, squares and promenades – development and its consistent patterns are highlighted. Final remarks and conclusions provide the main principles of E. Andre's school in park creations and will be important materials for the cultural heritage protection and for the further restauration works and development of parks created by E. André in Lithuania. [From the publication]