Teatras miesto erdvėje. Kauno ir Minsko teatrų aplinkos planavimo ypatumai

LTMiestų viešosios erdvės vienas svarbiausių urbanistinės struktūros dėmenų, atspindinčių miestų bendruomenės kultūrinį gyvenimą, sociumą. Teatro prieigos – specifinė, gyvybinga, itin dažnai lankoma viešoji erdvė. Tiriamų miestų (Kauno ir Minsko) teatrų skverų erdvės suprojektuotos prestižinėse miestų dalyse bei susietos su reprezentaciniais teatro pastatais. Straipsnyje analizuojamos teatrų aplinkos erdvės, tarpusavyje lyginamos erdvių sukūrimo, organizavimo, smulkiosios architektūros elementų meninio įprasminimo pavyzdžiais. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Gretimybės; Kompozicija; Skveras; Viešosios erdvės; Adjacent objects; Composition; Public space; Square.

ENTheatre and its environment is an integral part of urban public space. The aim of the study is to perform comparative analysis of specific (Kaunas and Minsk) theatre environment spaces, to discuss the issues of artistic spatial meaning of small-scale architectural elements, to investigate the relationship of the studied objects with the adjacent ones. The squares of both Kaunas city Musical Theatre and Alexander‘s Square in Minsk are designed in the central part of town, both have an abundance of social and cultural objects in the neighborhood. Both objects were established in the second half of the 19th century, and continue their activities in historic buildings in the same place. Species composition of trees growing in the squares is also similar. Both studied public spaces are viable, multifunctional and attractive, are often used, not only before theatrical performances, but also as places of a short rest, for various local events, being preferred and regularly visited by the citizens and guests. In the analyzed examples the ideological content and installation materials of the used small-scale architectural elements are different. The largest differences are observed comparing composition scenarios of the routes of theatre visitors. In the case of Kaunas, a gradual smooth transition from urban environment to the theatre building was planned. The square and its surroundings belong to the same historical period, the surrounding environment is not active. In Minsk visitors within a few minutes fall from one era of architectural styles into the other, contrast the volumes of neighboring objects, their colours. [From the publication]