Atvaizdas atspindyje – mimetinis ir laikiškas patyrimas šiuolaikiniame mene

LTŠiame straipsnyje aktualizuojamas žiūrovo kaip vaizdo objekto klausimas ir tikrovės patyrimas per mimetišką ir laikišką savo paties kaip Kito ir aplinkos atspindį. Aptariama prieš atspindintį ir atvaizdo nefiksuojantį paviršių besisteigianti introspektyvi būsena. Interpretuojant meno kūrinius, kuriuose pasitelkiami reflektuojantys paviršiai, analizuojama reprezentacinė- mimetinė atspindžio funkcija meno kūriniuose. Išryškinant tikrovės ir iliuzijos parametrus, veidrodinis atspindys apmąstomas psichoanalitiniu ir fenomenologiniu požiūriu. Straipsnyje svarstoma, kokį poveikį regimojo tapatumo kūrimui daro spontaniškas ir efemeriškas atspindžio patyrimas; ar sąveikaujant subjekto sąmonės, atminties ir įsivaizdavimo sandams, atspindžio laikinumas paverčia imago nefiksuojama ir mimetine suvokiančio subjekto kauke. Permąstant antikinio mąstymo gniaužtuose įkalintos mimezės sąvoką, kuri šiandien keičiama kitais terminais, tyrimu tikslinama menotyros diskurse beveik išnykusios, nutylimos mimezės samprata. Taip formuluojama nauja efemeriškos mimezės, kurioje steigiasi spontaniška vaizdo prigimtis ir kuri pavadinta lakia, apibrėžtis, o pati mimezė funkcionuoja kaip laikiška tikrovės redukcija. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Atspindys; Mimezė; Imago; Efemeriškumas; Atvaizdas; (Ne)fiksuojanti laikmena; Reflection; Mimesis; Imago; Ephemerality; Image; (Non)recording medium.

ENThe paper analyses the phenomenon entitled as “(non)recording medium”, the phenomenological experience of which and the subjective relation with the mirror image of the Self are reflected on from the perspectives of psychoanalysis, phenomenology, philosophy, and media theory. By interpreting the works of visual art that use reflexive surfaces, the paper analyses the representational-mimetic function of reflection in the contemporary culture of visual over-abundance. By using the notions of ‘the Real’ and ‘illusion’ as the key parameters, the paper analyses the introspective state that emerges in front of the non-recording surface, the viewer as the Other self and their experience of the Real. Here psychoanalysis acts through the Other self the image of which is reflected on the surface, phenomenology— through the sensual and temporal experience of the subjective reality, while the image itself is but a mimetic copy of the experienced object inscribed in the consciousness of the viewer. The paper introduces the definition of the ephemeral, transformed and ever-changing act of mimesis where the spontaneous—and volatile—nature of an image unfolds. By questioning the similarity and representation, the paper rethinks the shift of mimesis from the classical understanding of the imitation of reality to the modern understanding of the Real as volatile and temporal. Here the mimetic experience manifests through the combination of impermanence and temporality in art which, through the interaction between the subject’s consciousness, memory and imagination, turns imago into a non-recordable.mask of the subject. The ephemerality of the image implies the essential experience of the present where the Real is reduced to an appearance, while a constantly self-positing consciousness shapes the individual experience and thus affects the visuality itself. Therefore a visual reflection should be regarded as one of the categories of contemporaneity which functions as a radical form of reductive mimesis which exists beyond the limits of representative acts—it condenses the perceived Real and is strengthened through temporal dimension and the over-abundance of the images of fleeting presence. The paper aims to specify the notion of mimesis which, while still imprisoned in antiquity, is now often replaced with other terms, and is largely ignored by the art theoretical discourse. The paper discusses the examples where it unfolds via different artistic means: Asukas (2018) by Beatričė Mockevičiūtė, Pre-consciousness (2017) by Paulius Rainys, and The Continuity of Presence in the Past (1974) by Dan Graham. By temporarily capturing the parameters of the ever-changing Real, these experiential installations are positioned as visual screens that transmit the fleeting present. The paper actualises the question of (un)reality of an image—just like an artwork, a mirror posits a false—fictional—replica of the subjective Real: in other words, it is an imitation, or mimetic reality. The paper concludes that we are both what we see and how we are seen by others: we no longer reflect on the images, but rather are images. [From the publication]

• Anapus signifikanto principo : dekonstrucija, psichoanalizė, ideologijos kritika / Audronė Žukauskaitė. Vilnius : Aidai, 2001. 178 p.
• Vaizdinis posūkis : vaizdai - žodžiai - kūnai - žvilgsniai / Erika Grigoravičienė. Vilnius : Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas, 2011. 332 p.