Konstanty Kalinowski (Kastuś Kalinouski) w świadomości Białorusinów w Polsce

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Konstantinas Kalinauskas; Minėjimai; Tautinis sąmoningumas; Tautos didvyris; Commemorations; Konstanty Kalinowski; National awareness; National hero.

ENThe figure of Konstanty Kalinowski, born in 1838 in Mostovlany, became a part of Belorussian national identity already in the period of WWI, when the activists of the new Belorussian national movement were looking for national heroes; to found the movement for independence in the historical tradition of the Great Duchy of Lithuania and its heritage. Kastuś Kalinowski, a leader of the 1863 January Uprising in Lithuania and Belarus, became one of them; mostly thanks to the illegal periodical published in Belorussian (but with Latin characters) Mużyckaja Prauda. Kalinowski was described by a historian specializing in the January Uprising, Usievalad Ihnatovski in Historyja Biełarusi XIX i paczatku XX stahoddza (The History of Belarus in the Nineteenth Century and in the Beginnings of the Twentieth Cantury) (Minsk, 1929). In Vilnius in 1933 rev. Adam Stankiewicz, to commemorate 70-th anniversary of the January Uprising and the 15-th anniversary of the People’s Republic of Belarus, published a book entitled Kastuś Kalinoŭski, „Mužyckaja Praŭda” i ideja niezależności Biełarusi (Kastuś Kalinouski, Mužyckaja Praŭda and the Idea of Belarus’s Independence). Michaś Mashera and Maksim Tank wrote long poems devoted to Kalinowski and Piotr Sierhieievich painted his portrait and two paintings devoted to him. After WWII the figure of Kalinowski was present in the Belarussian language textbooks and he was also described in Belorussian periodicals published in Poland. Kalinowski was also a protagonist of such literary texts as: Sokrat Janowicz’s Siarebrany jazdok (A Silver Rider) and Mikolai Haiduk’s Aposzni (The Last One) as well as the poems of Aleś Barski and Victor Shved. His name was given to a street in Białystok, a primary school in Mostovlany and a cultural centre in Grodek.Both before and after WWII he has been remembered mostly because of Mužyckaja Praŭda the first newspaper published with Latin characters and because of the January Uprising. [From the publication]