Telšių Šv. Mikalojaus cerkvė. Žalgirio g. 8, Telšiai

LTSeptynių kalvų mieste Telšiuose ant Malūno kalvos baltuoja nedidukė cerkvė, dėmesį patraukianti neįprastu fasado puošybiniu elementu - aštriabriaunių iškyšų apvadu, primenančiu čekiškojo kubizmo pastatų dekorų. Tai architekto Vsevolodo Kopylovo suprojektuota ir 1937-1939 metais pastatyta Šv. Mikalojaus cerkvė. Ši cerkvė įvardijama kaip vienintelis kubizmo stiliaus sakralinės paskirties statinys Lietuvoje. Ar iš tiesų cerkvė laikytina kubistinės architektūros pavyzdžiu? Norint patvirtinti ar paneigti šį teiginį, privalu prisiminti ir trumpai apžvelgti kubizmo, vienos iš modernizmo srovių, ištakas ir pagrindines idėjas. [...]. [Iš straipsnio, p. 60]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Architektūra; Kubistinė architektūra; Stačiatikibė; V. Kopylovas; Čekų kubizmas; Šv. Mikalojaus cerkvė; Šv. Mikalojaus cerkvė Telšiuose; Architecture; Cubist architecture; Czech cubism; Orthodoxy; St. Nicholas Church; St. Nicholas Church in Telšiai; V. Kopylov.

ENOn the Malūnas Mound (Mill Mound) situated in Telšiai, which is known as the town on seven mounds, there is a small church (Žalgirio St 8) featuring an unusual decoration element of facade, i.e. a rim of sharp-edged protrusions alluding to decor of buildings of Czech Cubism. It is the Church of St. Nicholas designed by the architect Vsevolod Kopylov and constructed in 1937-1939. This church represents a unique structure of Cubism style in Lithuania.In 1867, a brickwork church on the Vilnius Mound was constructed on the foundation of the demolished wooden church of the Catholic parish, therefore, the Samogitian Diocese Curia laid claims to the church, buildings and land since the year 1923. After legal proceedings in the year 1932 by the decision of the Tribunal General, only the land where the church and other buildings were situated was declared the property of the Curia, therefore, the Orthodox Christians were compensated for the structures. The latter needed their own place of worship. In 1936, the Orthodox Christians acquired a 1.1 ha land plot on the Malūnas Mound. In the same year, an agreement for working out a church project was signed with the architect Vsevelod Kopylov. The church was planned by the architect in compliance with the strict principles of geometry. All elements of the church plan are derived from a regular square. A single-nave church with a regular square plan has a porch on the western part and a three-sided apse on the eastern part. Southern and northern facades are calm and plastered, split by narrow and high semicircular arched windows also being split by regular rhombs, triangulars and rectangulars. Top of facades is skirted by sharp-edged rims with triangular protrusions. A sloped roof is crowned with an onion-shaped dome.Around 1995 after having received an amount of LTL 100 thousand from the Department of Cultural Heritage Protection, the first reconstruction works of the church were carried out: reroofing was made as well as windows, power wiring, heating and ventilation system were reconstructed. Second reconstruction stage of the church was started almost after a decade and completed in the year 2006 (project author A. Žebrauskas). Metal stairs constructed in the postwar period were replaced by wooden ones, new floor was laid, sculptures situated above the altar were refurbished, the oaken handmade altar of the XIX C. was washed and facades wore renovated. This unique and probably the only one structure of such a style in Lithuania, being a component of an urbanistic value, i.e. Telšiai Old Town (U 32), is included into the highest category of the Registry of Cultural Values worded as state protected objects (S 859) for public knowledge, usage and public respect-. [From the publication]