Socrealizmo dekonstrukcija jo paties priemonėmis, arba mimetinės rezistencijos klausimu

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Sovietmetis; Sovietinė literatūra; Poetai; Poezija; Kūryba.

ENThe author of this study presents the three strategies that are generally used to assess literature and culture of the Soviet period. The first two are based on the resistance/collaboration opposition and validate adherents of one or the other position. The strategy of condemnation emphasizes the collaboration pole: it views resistance as possible only through dissident activity, and impossible within the legal cultural field. In contrast, the strategy of justification emphasizes the resistance pole, discerning opposition to the Soviet order even within the work of official Soviet functionaries. The third strategy draws on the concept of mimetic resistance, which stricto sensu sees any kind of opposition to the system as practically impossible, because a discourse (even a dissident one) that opposes the system must use the means of the official discourse and in this way strengthens the regime. Post-revisionist analysts of Soviet culture interpret the concept of mimetic resistance differently: the use of elements from the official discourse can mean not only endorsement of the system, but also the occupation of a liminal position (as in Alexei Yourchak’s vnye). Drawing on this latter strategy, the author of this chapter analyzes the work of the poet Vladas Šimkus (1936-2004) and reveals how the conscious use of elements of official discourse, such as Socialist realist cliches, can become tools for deconstructing that same discourse.Šimkus’s poems are full of details of everyday life in the Soviet period; while these can formally correspond to elements of official discourse, they rarely represent official discourse and its structures. In most cases, concepts of time and space, and of the position of the subject, are completely different than in Soviet discourse. The experience of being in the position of the vnye is best expressed by the subject of Šimkus’s poetry: he can be considered a (non)Soviet hero within the Soviet topography. [From the publication]