Folkloriniai lietuviškojo homo interneticus akiračiai

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Interneto folkloras; Folkloro fenomenai; Tradicinis folkloras; Modernusis folkloras; Internet folklore; Folklore phenomena; Traditional folklore; Modern folklore.

ENTalks of the folklore sunset and of the new folkloric or folk-like phenomena have been going on for a long time already. The currently almost commonly used term "internet folklore" also provokes arguments. It is used in public to denote both the authentic pieces of folklore, which have existed for centuries before invention of internet, and are now placed on various websites, their modified variants, no longer possible in real environments, and the folk-like, but qualitatively completely new audiovisual pieces of internet creativity, including various videos from youtube.com, which often have nothing whatsoever in common with folklore. Abroad, these problems have for a long time attracted not only the folklorists' attention. Folklore on internet interests linguists, researchers of culture and sociologists. The contribution by the Russian scholars is particularly significant in this sphere of research. This is quite natural, considering that in Russia, similarly to Lithuania echoes of the ancient culture have survived for a much longer time; there, the organized folklore fieldwork sessions still keep taking place, while computers burst into the public life rather suddenly, thus making the clash between folkloric and post-folkloric tradition quite relevant. Meanwhile in Europe, e. g. in France, folklore is regarded, according to Sergei Neklyudov, as manifestation of backwardness, which is related to the Third world civilizations. Because of these reasons discussion of problematic aspects in this work is mainly based on the work of researchers from Eastern Europe. In Lithuania, the number of both authors and works is considerably smaller. So far, most frequently the folklorist attention has been directed at definite cultural phenomena of the virtual media, which most often can likewise be reviewed both on internet and in written or oral form.Traditionally, researchers classify them in terms of genre, while considering the modern communication media as means of spread, which certainly directly influences the peculiarities and existence of the folklore texts. Here, the folkloric panorama of the Lithuanian internet is viewed with regards to the specifics of the internet communication, in order to survey the widest possible field of phenomena and to decide what can and what cannot be attributed to the internet folklore and why. The publications of traditional folklore on specialized websites are consciously disregarded, considering them analogical to publishing in books or CDs and DVDs. The analyzed materials are grouped according to the four existing strategies of approaching the internet folklore, suggested by M. Alekseyevski: pieces dealing with computer technologies and / or people related to them; folklore and traditions pertaining solely to the informatics' community; all the urban folklore texts found on internet; forms of folklore spread most frequently or exclusively on internet. The author of this scheme does not introduce the suggested components in detail; therefore this is undertaken here on the grounds of the Lithuanian internet websites and of the facts accumulated while keeping up the e-mail communication with authors correspondents. It is concluded that no separate strategy does reflect the full contents of the concept. The analysis of the materials supports the statement by M. Alekseyevski of the fourth way being the most promising, although most problematic, for the researcher. Yet here also the complex analysis of the phenomenon is necessary, paying heed both to the approaches introduced by others and laws of the former, particularly written, culture. [From the publication]