LTThe main protagonist of the paper is Polish-Lithuanian poet Józef Milewski (Juozas Miliauskas-Miglovara, 1845-1937). He took part in the January Uprising in 1863, worked as a policeman in Ryga, and later was a citizen of independent Lithuania; all his life felt a son of Kielmy county. His most important work examined in this paper is a poem in Polish entitles Kielmy. Analysis of the poem gives a thorough insight into the post romantic reinterpretation of a romantic poem about "our fathers' land" in the works of bilingual authors, which captures the actual shape of a conflict arising between two nations mainly on social and moral grounds. Its literary deliverance is enhanced in both the romantic imagery and interpersonal disagreements by the location of the "drama" - the Samogitia countryside. Thus a small town Kielmy and historical/ethnographical region Samogitia (Duchy of Samogitia, then a part of non-existing yet Grand Duchy of Lithuania) becomes an alternative main character, whose history on the border of two cultures, Polish and Lithuanian, posed a question of social and national identity even more seriously than in die cultural and intellectual "center" in Vilnius. The paper contributes to the general discussion on meaning of the idea of national literature and culture. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Dvikalbis autorius; Jozef Milewski; Juozas Miliauskas Miglovara; Juozas Miliauskas-Miglovara; Kontekstas; Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė. Kingdom of Poland. Poland); Lenkų-lietuvių poezija; Lietuvos tautinis atgimimas; Nacionalinė literatūra; Sukilimas; Vėlyvasis lenkų romantizmas; Bilingual author; Context; Jozef Milewski; Juozas Miliauskas Miglovara; Juozas Miliauskas-Miglovara; Late Polish romanticism; Lithuania; Lithuanian national revival; National literature; Polish-Lithuanian poetry; Uprising.