Tradiciniai senųjų darželių augalai Lietuvos-Lenkijos pasienio sodybose

LT2017 m. Lietuvos-Lenkijos pasienio sodybose buvo aptikta 95 rūšių tradicinių darželių augalų. Abiejose sienos pusėse yra panašus rūšių skaičius: 81 rūšies augalai Lietuvoje ir 83 rūšių - Lenkijoje. Aptikti augalai pagal jų auginimo pradžią Lietuvos darželiuose buvo suskirstyti į 4 grupes: 1) auginamus nuo XV-XVI a., 2) XVII-XV1II a., 3) XIX a. ir 4) nuo XX a. pirmos pusės. Nors gėlynai mylimi ir prižiūrimi abiejose pusėse, jie turtingesni Lenkijoje, nes ten išlikusios senos didelės sodybos, o Lietuvoje, kuriantis kolūkiams buvo sunaikinta dauguma tradicinių sodybų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Augalų rūšys; Gėlių darželis; Gėlynas; Kaimo sodyba; Lietuvos-Lenkijos pasienis; Paveldas; Tradiciniai darželių augalai; Farmstead; Flower garden; Flowery; Heritage; Lithuanian-Polish border; Plant species; Traditional garden plants.

ENFor almost 100 years villages and settlements at Lithuanian-Polish border are separated by national border. But still most of the inhabitants on both sides of this territory are Lithuanian. The aim of this work was to inventory traditional plants of old Lithuanian flower gardens at Lithuanian-Polish border. Also to compare how many and what species of decorative and medicine/herbs plants are being grown in both sides of the border. In 2017 in farmsteads of Lithuanian-Polish border (9 farmsteads on each side) there were inventoried flower garden plants. The variety of plants was compared with literature data how these plants match the assortment of traditional flower gardens. It was detected 95 species plants which can be assigned to traditional plants of Lithuanian flower gardens. Very similar number of plants was detected on both sides of the border. It was detected 81 species on Lithuanian side of the border and 83 species on Polish side. After examining literature we divided detected plants into four groups: 1) plants which were grown from 15-16 centuries, 2) from 17-18 centuries, 3) from 19 century and 4) from the first half of the 20 century. At the Polish side of the border most spread species were the oldest species plants such as: Beilis perenis, Ruta graveolens, Tanacetum parthenium. In Lithuania these species are rarely detected. Some other species were more spread in Poland and some in Lithuania. In Poland are mostly grown annual plants. On both sides of the border there were found not many traditionally shaped gardens (circular or square). Although plants are being taken care on both sides of the border, the bigger and richer gardens are at the Polish side of the border. The reason for that is that old and big farmsteads still remain there. And many of traditional gardens in Lithuania were destroyed after collectivization. [From the publication]

• Etnologija / Ethnology
• Menotyra / Arts