Nietzsche: gyvenimas ir pasaulis

LTŠiame straipsnyje pateiksime argumentus, privedusius prie galutinio Vakarų metafizinės tradicijos žlugimo, ir iškelsime principus, kuriais rėmėsi filosofijos įvykių plėtra iki pat šiuolaikinių sistemų susiformavimo. Tai nereiškia, kad tokie įvykiai šiuos principus pripažįsta ir netgi gina. Veikiau peršasi neišvengiama išvada, kad jie negali nebūti į šiuos principus įtraukti. Jei taip tvirtinama, būtina plačiau apsvarstyti Nietzsche’s filosofiją, idant būtų parodyta, kaip ji užbaigė Vakarų metafiziką ir mėgino kurti naują mąstymo būdą. Šis naujasis [mąstymo] būdas dar nėra visiškai išplėtotas, nors ir grindžia kiekvieną filosofinio supratimo pastangą. [Iš straipsnio, p. 22]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Gyvenimas; Kalba; Metafizika; Nietzche; Nietzsche; Nihilizmas; Pasaulis; Perspektyvizmas; Perspektyvumas; Tapsmas; Transgresija; Valia siekti galios; Becoming; Language; Life; Metaphysics; Nietzche; Nihilism; Perspectivity; The will to power; Transgression; World.

ENIn this essay we shall show the arguments that lead to the complete demise of Western metaphysical tradition and set up principles that guide the philosophical developments reaching all the way into contemporary systems. This is not to say that such developments have recognized these principles, and some may even be offended by them, but the unavoidable conclusion will be that they cannot help but be involved necessarily in such principles. Given these claims, it is essential to treat Nietzsche’s philosophy more extensively in order to show how it has ended Western metaphysics and attempted to establish a new way of thinking. This new way is not yet fully developed, although it founds every effort to offer philosophical understanding. This brief venture into Nietzsche’s philosophy is not designed to contest, cite and argue for or against the sundry and various interpretations and offer a “truer” version, the “latest”, so to speak, more “critical” reading of Nietzsche and his interpreters, but to explore within his works the challenges that his own proposed theses might have posed and thus compelled him to reevaluate his own reached views and to transgress them in favor of some other view – or even a non-view. It is an exploration of Nietzsche’s toying, testing, and contesting his own understanding of life in light of the changing problematic of what the world is all about. The two terms, life and world, are, in the context of this venture, quite central. They reappear in various guises in their mutual relationships and topical expositions, from language, perspectivity, nihilism, history, purpose, ontology and metaphysics. In this sense, the various themes will also comprise an exposition of life and world – the latter term is to be taken as cosmos-universe, in contrast to human-all-too-human limitations of cosmos as order of things, entities, events and relationships. [From the publication]