Architektura mieszkaniowa międzywojennego Kowna na przykładzie zabudowy ulicy V. Putvinskio

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Gyvenamųjų namų architektūra; Modernizmas; Tarpukario Kauno architektūra; XX a. architektūros istorija ir teorija; History and theory of the 20th c. architecture; History and theory of the 20th century architecture; Interwar Kaunas architecture; Modernism; Residential architecture.

ENThe purpose of the article was the general characteristics of residential architecture built in the 1920s and 1930s in the centre of Kaunas. It was a period of intense changes and development, which was connected with the new status of the city as “the transitional capital” of Lithuania. The first chapters present the conditions that accompanied these processes and their main directions and scale. The most important aspects of the transformation of the urban structure of Kaunas were discussed in a general way, the most prestigious projects and leading architects were also indicated. Then, the focus was on residential buildings, which in the interwar period constituted the largest group of new facilities. The scope of detailed studies was limited to multi-family buildings constructed on V. Putvinskio street, as a representative example of residential architecture in the city centre. The research method included studies of relevant literature, interviews with local architects and researchers of architecture, inspection of buildings, photographic documentation. During the preliminary studies, five buildings were selected, which were subjected to comparative analyses, including in the field of architectural styles and shaping of architectural forms as well as functional and spatial solutions. The results of the research are presented in the summary in the form of conclusions. The most important of them indicate: historical references visible in buildings constructed in the 1920s, the dominance of the modernist style in the 1930s, the regional character of modernism in Kaunas, specific architectural elements and details, plans of buildings with single-staircase, and a free-style composition of frontages. [From the publication]