Panazijizmo koncepcija ir Lietuvos karaimų liturginis giedojimas

LTŠiame straipsnyje pristatomos dvi muzikologinės koncepcijos, siekiančios vienodu pavadinimu (panazijizmas), bet skirtingais būdais Azijos muzikos kultūras sujungti į panazijinę sistemą. Naudojant lyginamąjį metodą, norima atkreipti dėmesį, kad tokiam tikslui daug veiksmingesni ir iškalbingesni yra ne visuotiniai, o konkretūs, esminiai, "siauresni", atitinkamo kultūrinio konteksto prigimties giminystę atskleidžiantys sisteminimo kriterijai, todėl antroji, t.y. Reginos Randhofer, panazijizmo koncepcija priimtinesnė. Šio rašinio tikslas yra atskleisti tokio požiūrio prielaidas bei jas formuojančius veiksnius. Tam pasitelkiama Lietuvos karaimų liturginio giedojimo pavyzdžių analizė ir bendrasis Rytų ir Vakarų pasaulių priešpriešos kontekstas. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Religinė muzika; Bažnytinė muzika; Karaimai; Lietuvos karaimai; Panazijizmas; Liturginis giedojimas; Giesmės; Liturgija; Kultūra; Azija; Religious music; Church music; Karaims; Lithuanian Karaims; Pan-Asiatic; Liturgical chant; Sacred songs; Liturgy; Culture; Lithuania; Asia.

ENIn this article two musicological conceptionsare presented. Both of them have the intention to unite Asian music cultures into the pan-Asiatic system. The first conception, created by Edith Gerson-Kiwi, manipulates with global criteria (such as recitation on a central tone; differences between religious chant and folklore in Asian cultures; notation principles) as the main ones enabling us to ascribe music tradition to a pan-Asiatic group. The second one, created by Regina Randhofer, works in a very different way. The author analyzes the psalm singing of 6 Christian and Jewish communities finding out some crucial principles of their musical systems which are strong enough to form a separate (pan-Asiatic) group by representing the very Asiatic core. R.Randhofer bases herself on specific of word and sound relation of the chant and considers that relation to be the main working principle of pan-Asiatic group of musical traditions. K.Firkavičiūtė tends to prove the effectiveness of that (second) systematic point of view basing herself on liturgical chant of Lithuanian Karaims and pointing out the important principles of musical orality still alive in Lithuanian community of Karaims. This all assumes that the Karaim liturgical chant in Lithuania belongs to the so-called pan-Asiatic group (after R.Randhofer). Karaims form the smallest national minority in Lithuania being of Turkic ethnicity and confessing the Karaism. The general context of East-West opposition is also explicated. [From the publication]