Doktorantūra Lietuvoje - mokslininkų rengimo institucijos raida šiuolaikinių pokyčių kontekste

LTStraipsnyje pasitelkiant mokslinės literatūros ir dokumentų analizę atskleidžiama Lietuvos mokslininkų rengimo raida ir jos tendencijos šiuolaikinių pokyčių kontekste. Vykstant Lietuvos aukštojo mokslo reformai, mokslininkų rengimo raidos analizė yra aktuali, nes tam, kad atlieptų šiandienos aktualijas, ji gali (turi) prisidėti sprendžiant mokslininkų rengimo tvarkos kaitą. Todėl straipsnyje siekiama įvertinti ir atskleisti mokslininkų rengimo institucijos raidą šiuolaikinių pokyčių kontekste, analizuojant doktorantūros studijų sistemas (tvarkas). Tyrimo tikslas - teoriškai atskleisti doktorantūros Lietuvoje studijas kaip mokslininkų rengimo instituciją istorinių ir šiuolaikinių pokyčių kontekste. Atlikta analizė atskleidė, jog esminės tendencijos aukštojo mokslo sistemoje išlieka šios: aukštojo mokslo sukomercinimas, orientavimas į darbo rinką ir doktorantų rengimas ne tik mokslininko karjerai. Natūralu, jog šios tendencijos veikia doktorantūros studijų procesus bei jų reglamentavimą, ir vertinant doktorantūros studijas reglamentuojančius dokumentus, galima teigti, kad perėjimas prie vakarietiškojo doktorantūros studijų modelio Lietuvoje visgi užtruko. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Aukštasis mokslas; Doktorantūros studijos; Doctoral studies; Higher education.

ENUsing scientific literature and documentary analysis, the article reveals the development of Lithuanian scientists training and its trends in the context of modern changes. In the context of the reform of the Lithuanian higher education system, the analysis of the development of the training of scientists is important because it can (and should) contributing the changes in orders of scientists training. For this reason article aims to evaluate and reveal the development of scientists training institution in the modern changes through the analysis of doctoral studies orders. The aim of the research - theoretically reveal the doctoral studies in Lithuania as a scientists training institution in the context of modern changes. According to E. Polekaitė (2007), first Lithuanians who studied at university, as it is known, has been studying in Praha university in 14th century. The significant period for Lithuania's higher education system was also in 1918 when Lithuania regained its independence and when no higher education institution operated in its territory, it was practically impossible to create higher education in the state from scratch, Lithuania has invested in studying gifted young people in abroad (Janužytė, 2013). After the Second World War in Lithuania, like in the whole of the USSR, the Soviet model of science was legalized. And just in 1991 the higher education triple-step (bachelor's, master's, doctor's) system is adopted and based on the unity of studies and science (Tinfavičienė, 2007). The main findings: • Since the beginning of the Bologna process in Europe (mainly in the European Union) is aimed at a unified higher education system and the main tendencies in the system of higher education remain the following: commercialization of higher education, orientation to the labor market and the preparation of doctoral students not only for the scientists career.However, the academic community is not unequivocally inclined to agree with the changed status of the university and the scientist in the society, arguing that universities and doctoral studies should not fully identify with the labor market by pushing for the idealistic basis of scientific cognition in pursuing modern tendencies. • In many cases the autonomy of Lithuanian universities remains conditional as the government finances the studies of science also seeks to become increasingly influential in universities. This is also illustrated by the analysis of laws and regulations which increasingly regulates doctoral training. This makes the university's institution more and more corporate and profit-oriented. Naturally, these trends also affect the processes of doctoral studies and their regulation, since the career of a doctoral student is already associated not only with the profession of scientist and the institution of higher education but also with the labor market. • The preparation of doctoral students in Lithuania is historically conditioned by the situation of the state (periods of independence and occupation) and is influenced both by Western (European) and the Eastern (Russian) higher education traditions. Nowadays, it is increasingly being sought to come closer to the tradition of Western higher education but it is also undergoing change that affects Lithuanian higher education. • Although after the restoration of independence in Lithuania has been taken active reforms of higher education and scientists training, however, evaluating the documents regulating doctoral studies, it can be said that the transition to the Western doctoral study model took some time. Doctoral studies are quite formal and more focused on procedural subjects therefore, the highest value focuses in the traditions of the active institution, available resources and the experience and abilities of scientists. [From the publication]

• Vadyba / Management
• Edukologija / Education