Informacinių technologijų plėtra pradiniame ugdyme ir vaikų sveikatai palankios mokymo(si) aplinkos kūrimo ypatumai

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Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Informacinių technologijų plėtra pradiniame ugdyme ir vaikų sveikatai palankios mokymo(si) aplinkos kūrimo ypatumai
Alternative Title:
Expanse of information technologies in primary education and the features of creating a healthy teaching (learning) environment
Authors:
In the Journal:
Tiltai [Bridges] [Brücken]. 2018, Nr. 3 (81), p. 25-40
Subject Category:
LT
Pedagogai / Pedagogues; Pradinis ugdymas / Primary education; Sveikatos ugdymas / Health education; Technologijos ir techniniai reglamentai / Technology and technical regulations; Vaikai / Children.
Summary / Abstract:

LTMoksliniai tyrimai pagrindžia informacinių technologijų (toliau – IT) reikšmę ugdymo procese. Tačiau IT taikymas mokymo(si) aplinkoje kelia naujus iššūkius, saugant ir stiprinant jaunesniojo mokyklinio amžiaus vaikų sveikatą. Natūralus vaikų polinkis, poreikis ir IT naudojimas ugdymo(si) procese lemia būtinybę valdyti šį procesą. Straipsnyje siekiama ištirti IT plėtros tendencijas pradiniame ugdyme ir atskleisti vaikų sveikatai palankios mokymo(si) aplinkos kūrimo ypatumus. Anketinės apklausos būdu apklausti 237 Vakarų Lietuvos regiono pradinių klasių mokytojai. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad pradinių klasių mokytojai ir mokiniai nepakankamai aprūpinti IT priemonėmis. Nors kompiuterį savo klasėje turėjo beveik visi mokytojai, o skaitmeninį projektorių – beveik pusė apklaustųjų, tik labai maža dalis mokytojų savo klasėse turėjo interaktyviąją lentą ir planšetinius kompiuterius. Pradinės mokyklos bendram naudojimui yra įsigijusios įvairių IT priemonių, tačiau savo klasėse pradinių klasių mokytojai jų pasigenda. IT priemonių trūkumas klasėje riboja jų naudojimo ugdymo procese galimybes. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad pradinių klasių mokiniai turi žinių apie saugų IT priemonių naudojimą, sveikatos saugojimą dirbant su IT, tačiau turimų žinių netaiko praktiškai. Vaikams reikia išmokti praktinių veiksmų, juos taikyti gyvenimiškose situacijose, mokytis sveikatai palankios elgsenos. Nors daugelis pedagogų mano, kad pradinių klasių mokiniai žino saugaus elgesio naudojantis IT taisykles bei netinkamo naudojimosi IT pasekmes sveikatai, tik trečdalis arba dar mažiau pradinių klasių mokytojų sutiko, kad pradinių klasių mokiniai naudodamiesi IT geba taisyklingai sėdėti prie rašomojo stalo, moka daryti akių pratimus, saugoti regėjimą, derinti akių ir rankų atliekamus judesius ir kt. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Pedagogai; Pradinių klasių mokiniai; Sveikatai palanki mokymo(si) aplinka; Informacinės technologijos; Teachers; Primary students; Healthy teaching (learning) environment; IT.

ENThe rapid development of new technologies and innovations has an increasing impact on the life of a modern person, changes the teaching environment, its content and methods. IT let increase the efficiency of the primary education process, enriches the educational environment, helps to use the latest resources and integrates various topics, develop critical thinking skills, apply active teaching methods, highlight individual child’s abilities, etc. (Brazdeikis, 2009; Martišienė, Muleravičienė, 2010; Glahn, Specht, Mwishart, 2011; Wajszczyk, 2014; Holt, 2015; Burianova, Turčáni, 2016; Parigi, 2016; Mirascieva, Petrova, Stavreva, 2017; Lafuente, 2017). Nowadays children grow equipped with new IT tools. The junior school age is an important part of the child’s personality’s maturity, growth and development. During this period, the child develops intensively and the mental, cardiovascular, respiratory systems are developed. [...] The natural tendency of children, the need of the use of IT in the process of teaching (learning) necessitates the management of this process. D. Gudonienė, D. Rutkauskienė, A. Lauraitis (2013) indicate that the quality of education depends not only on existing IT but also on successful use of innovative IT-based learning methods. Today’s issue is not only how much and what kind of IT can be used in the education process, but also how to use IT in a safe way. [...].Research object – features creating a healthy teaching (learning) pupils’ environment in the reality of upbringing in the aspect of IT. Research aim – to examine expanse’s tendencies of IT in primary education and to reveal the features of creating a healthy teaching (learning) environment for pupils. The research was carried out from November 2016 to January 2017 with the use of surveys. 237 primary school teachers participated in the research, 23 of whom were from West Lithuania’s region schools. IT is one of the significant tools for improving conditions for teaching (learning) in todays’ schools, which make an influence for the school’s culture and they change traditional teaching methods/styles. But the concluded research uncovered that teachers do not yet have the opportunities to make use of IT. The most dominant learning appliances of IT in primary schools’ environment are computers. The research uncovered that primary students spend about 30 minutes in front of a screen of a computer in school per day. Even though the time spent in front of a screen of a computer correlates to the recommended norms, it is unknown how much time students spend in front of the screen of a computer at home. The scientific literature highlights the importance of the IT skills of teachers as an integral part of all pedagogical skills. It is emphasized that the IT skills of teachers are knowledge, skills, attitudes, values and other personality traits, which determine the successful use of IT in pedagogical activities. The teacher’s knowledge relates to IT tools, their ability to apply them, the purposeful use of IT, focusing on computer networks and constructivist learning paradigms (integration, projectbased training, collaborative training, etc.) (Paulionytė at al., 2010).However, it should be noted that the knowledge of IT use should be related to the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the child’s health care and education. After all, a teacher is a student’s assistant in an education process, which enables the young person to perceive health as the highest value, to know how to protect and strengthen their own health. Our research revealed that the knowledge of the primary school students about the safe use of IT tools, healthcare while working with IT is not related to skills. Children lack the ability to learn practical activities, their application in life situations and healthy behaviours. Although a lot of teachers think that primary students are aware of the safe use of IT and the effect of misuse of IT, only one third or less of primary school teachers agreed that primary students are able to properly sit at the desk using IT, to do eye exercises, to protect their eyesight, to adjust eye and hand movements, etc. [From the publication]

DOI:
10.15181/tbb.v79i3.1890
ISSN:
1392-3137; 2351-6569
Subject:
Edukologija / Education
Related Publications:
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https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/80338
Updated:
2019-11-21 09:51:42
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