Valstybės pagalbos įtaka Lietuvos neįgaliųjų užimtumui
LTStraipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvoje suteikta valstybės pagalba neįgaliųjų užimtumui didinti. Nagrinėjama, kokios išlaidos subsidijuojamos valstybės ir kokią įtaka valstybės pagalba daro neįgaliųjų užimtumui. Analizuojant, kiek valstybės paramos tenka vienam darbingo amžiaus neįgaliajam, nustatyta, kad valstybės pagalba įdarbintam neįgaliam darbuotojui yra labai nežymi, palyginti su pagalba, kuri tenka įmonei išlaikant neįgalųjį. Straipsnis yra apžvalginio analitinio pobūdžio. Jo tikslas pagrįsti, kad suteikta valstybės pagalba nors ir nelabai reikšmingai, tačiau teigiamai veikia neįgaliųjų užimtumą. Atlikta oficialių duomenų, susijusių su neįgaliųjų užimtumo rodikliais, valstybės pagalbos dydžiais, analizė bei koreliacinė analizė, kuri parodė ryšį tarp suteiktos valstybės pagalbos ir gautų socialinių įmonių pajamų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Bedarbiai; Neįgalieji; Užimtumas; Valstybės pagalba; Disabled; Disabled persons; Employment; State aid; State support; Unemployed.
ENThe purpose of the article is to analyse the impact of the state aid on the disabled people's employment. The article reviews scientific literature related to the demand for people with disabilities in the labour market and their own motivation to participate in the labour market, and also presents an overview of measures that tend to either promote or hinder active employment of the disabled. Moreover, the article analyses how the state aid increased the employment of people with disabilities in the period of 2008 to 2012. In Lithuania, the state aid for the disabled people's employment is provided from the state budget and the EU funds. The support is given to social enterprises which employ the disabled. Most of the state aid is provided for the compensation of the wages of the disabled employees. By means of the linear correlation analysis of the financial rates of some social enterprises in the period of 2011 to 2012, it was found out that there was a sufficiently close relationship between the state aid and the enterprise revenue. It means that the state aid provided to such enterprises helped them to survive in the market.Although the state aid had a positive impact on social enterprises, it did not solve the problem of unemployment among the disabled. According to the data of Statistics Lithuania, the number of the unemployed disabled people at the end of 2009, as compared to the end of 2008, increased by almost 2,5 times. The situation was affected by the economic crisis in the country. The number of the unemployed disabled in 2010 increased, while later the rate began to decrease; however, at the end of 2012, the number of the unemployed disabled people was twice bigger than in 2008. Moreover, according to the data of Statistics Lithuania, it was established that in the period of 2008 to 2011, the Lithuanian Labour Exchange registered a thrice bigger number of the unemployed disabled than that of the employed ones. It was only in 2011 that the difference significantly decreased. The dynamics of such data suggests that since 2009, the employment of the disabled has been gradually increasing. It allows to argue that the state aid positively affected the employment of the disabled people. [From the publication]
