Dailininkas politikos spąstuose: Lietuva 1939-1944 m.

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Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Dailininkas politikos spąstuose: Lietuva 1939-1944 m
Alternative Title:
Artist trapped by politics: Lithuania 1939-1944
Authors:
Jankevičiūtė, Giedrė
In the Journal:
Menotyra. 2018, t. 25, Nr. 4, p. 319-340
Subject Category:
LT
Italija (Italy); Prancūzija (France); Vokietija (Germany); Lietuva (Lithuania); Ekspresionizmas / Expressionism.
Summary / Abstract:

LTRemiantis dailininko Stasio Ušinsko ir jo mokinių sukurtomis tapybos kompozicijomis, straipsnyje atskleidžiama, kad Vokiečių Reicho normatyvinė estetika pradėjo veikti Lietuvos dailę jau 4-ojo dešimtmečio antroje pusėje. Parodoma, kad, ieškant sektinų neotradicionalizmo pavyzdžių, orientuotasi ne vien į Prancūziją, Sovietų Sąjungą, iš dalies Italiją, bet ir į Vokietiją. Pokyčiai Lietuvos dailės lauke siejami ir su kintančiais kritikos orientyrais. Juos diktavo visuomenės konsolidacijos poreikis, sustiprėjęs komplikuojantis politinei situacijai šalies viduje ir tarptautiniu mastu, bei konservatyvios dalies įtakingų kultūros veikėjų pažiūros. Daroma išvada, kad modernizmo kritika, kuri Lietuvoje, kaip ir Vokietijoje, pirmiausia buvo nukreipta prieš ekspresionizmą, paskatino dailės lauko pokyčius, tarp jų ir sekimą Vokiečių Reicho oficialaus stiliaus pripažintų autorių kūriniais. Tai lėmė atskirų Lietuvos dailininkų individualaus stiliaus supanašėjimą, netgi sukėlusį autorystės nustatymo sunkumų. [Iš leidinio]

ENBased on the painting compositions created by the artist Stasys Ušinskas and his followers, the article demonstrates that the German Reich’s normative aesthetics started impacting Lithuanian art as early as in the second half of the 1930s. The aim is to determine the ways it spread and the reasons of its popularity. This issue has not been a subject of an in-depth study in the national historiography yet. The attempts by Lithuanian artists to conform to the needs of the Nazi civil government in 1941–1944 were related to the situation of the late 1930s when the state patronage helped to implant the aesthetics and iconography of neotraditionalism. It is revealed that the search for the examples of neotraditionalism did not focus solely on France, Soviet Union and, in part, Italy (these influences have been researched quite thoroughly) but also on Germany. The changes in the art of Lithuania were also connected to the shifting markers of criticism that were determined by the need for the consolidation of society which emerged as the political situation became complicated both inside the country and at an international level. The analysis of art criticism has revealed that the modernist criteria of originality and creativity were questioned. The discussions were particularly fierce regarding the use of deformation-causing examples of primitive art. It is concluded that modernism’s critique, which both in Lithuania and in Germany was primarily directed against expressionism, incited the changes in Lithuanian art. The spread of neotraditionalism resulted in the increased similarity between individual styles, which even caused difficulties of attribution of the art works created during late 1930s and early 1940s. [From the publication]

DOI:
10.6001/menotyra.v25i4.3909
ISSN:
1392-1002; 2424-4708
Subject:
Menotyra / Arts
Related Publications:
Permalink:
https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/80149
Updated:
2022-01-28 16:53:33
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