Tiškevičių rūmų Vilniuje, Trakų g. 10, krosnių restauravimas ir gamintojų identifikavimas

LTStraipsnyje, remiantis buvusių Tiškevičių rūmų Vilniuje, Trakų g. 10, krosnių 1997–2018 m. restauravimo patirtimi, parengta medžiaga (restauravimo darbų programomis ir metodikomis, Restauravimo tarybos protokolais ir krosnių prieš restauravimą, restauravimo metu ir po restauravimo nuotraukomis), aptariama krosnių tvarkybos darbų eiga ir specifika. Pasitelkus pastate aptiktuose kokliuose įspaustus gamintojų ženklus, pastato istorinius tyrimus ir koklių gamybos Europoje bei Rusijos imperijoje istorijos faktus, pristatomi XIX a. pabaigoje – XX a. pirmoje pusėje vilniečiams produkciją siūlę koklių fabrikai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vilnius; Tiškevičiai (Tyszkiewicz familie); Architektūrinė keramika; Krosnys; Koklių gamintojai; Restauravimas; Paveldas; Vilnius; Counts Tyszkiewicz; Architectural ceramics; Stoves; Manufacturers; Conservation; Heritage.

ENThe article written by a ceramics restorer and an art historian offers a view of historical stoves of the late 19th and the first half of the 20th century from two different perspectives. Firstly, on the basis of the material of the conservation of stoves in the former Tyszkiewicz Palace at 10 Trakų St. in Vilnius conducted between 1997 and 2018 (programmes and methods of the conservation works, records of the Conservation Council and photographs of the stoves before, during and after conservation), the course and specific features of the improvement works on the heating equipment are discussed. Secondly, referring to trademarks found on stove tiles, historical research on the building and historical facts of tile production in Europe and the Russian Empire, tile factories that offered their production for the residents of Vilnius in the late 19th and first half of the 20th century are identified. The analysis of the improvement works on the stoves found in one building revealed that the heating equipment from the late 19th and the first half of the 20th century was repaired several times and reached our days having acquired a lot of unauthentic details. In the early 21st century, it was decided to remove them and replace them with new details produced according to authentic examples. Thus the stoves acquired an “authentic” aesthetic shape again, though they lost the traces of everyday history.On the one hand, these “traces” did not match the aesthetic function of stoves as decorative interior elements and thus were removed, and on the other, the art researchers’ assessment of various “patches” expanded our knowledge on tile manufacturers of the late 19th and first half of the 20th century. A close and integral look at all the elements of the stoves allowed us both to talk about the quality of the products and to draw attention to the history of their use. Tiles with trademarks of nine factories that operated in the territory of the Russian Empire were found on thirteen restored stoves, some of them – for the first time. It expanded the previous knowledge about the range of tiles supplied for the residents of Vilnius. Besides, the identification of factories and their trademarks allows us to get better acquainted with the industrial production of this region, its supply and demand, and at the same time deepen our knowledge of the elements of everyday material culture. [From the publication]

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