Petro Leono sociologijos samprata

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Petras Leonas; Sociologijos samprata; "Sociologijos paskaitos"; Petras Leonas; Concept of sociology; "Sociology Lectures".

ENThe article analyses Petras Leonas’ (famous Lithuanian lawyer and public man, 1864-1938) lectures on Sociology, which were published right after his death. P. Leonas was interested not just in the problems of law and law philosophy, but also in the problems of political economy, ethics and sociology. Each course, including sociology, taught by P. Leonas experienced the influence of the other subject taught by him. Maybe that’s why P Leonas’ "Sociology Lectures" became quite "lawful", very "ethical", really encyclopedic, though at the first sight the arrangement of different, sometimes even contradictory attitudes is noticed. Researchers bind P. Leonas’ social attitudes with his position of political liberal, which was forming under the influence of quite many ideologies. The most noteworthy is Russian positivist’s M. Kovalevskij and P. Sorokin’s (the early period of creative work) influence. Exposition of contradictions (antinomies) of social life - is the introduction into the Sociology lectures. Some more important contradictions of social life and their changing in the history are revealed: freedom and captivity, richness and poorness, morals and immorality, democracy and autocracy, private and collective ownership. By now the analysis of different topic threw these aspects are the hard-core of sociology. Professors mature age, life devoted to the cognition of democraty, nationality, "humane ethics and law evolution" determined that the chapters "Progress", "Manifestation of public regress", "General view towards historical fate of the mankind" in the final sociological lectures are developed sufficiently. All these aspects of sociology after the restitution of the state independence became urgent again. [From the publication]