Pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui vertinimas Europos Sąjungos šalių grupėse
LTAtliekant tyrimą, siekiama, išnagrinėjus pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui teorines interpretacijas, įvertinti pajamų nelygybės poveikį ekonomikos augimui skirtingose šalių grupėse. Rezultatai pagrįsti 28 ES šalių 1995–2014 m. laikotarpio skydo duomenimis. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje aptarti pajamų nelygybės reiškinio turinys, samprata, apibendrintos pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui teorijos. Antroje straipsnio dalyje sukurti pajamų nelygybės poveikio ekonomikos augimui vertinimo modeliai, pagrįsta vertinimo metodika ir aptariami empiriniame tyrime naudojami kintamieji. Trečioje straipsnio dalyje nustatyta, kad didėjanti pajamų nelygybė daro nevienareikšmį poveikį ekonomikos augimui skirtingais transmisijos kanalais: taupymo, socialinių politinių neramumų. Nustatyta, kad pajamų nelygybė skatino ekonomikos augimą šalių grupėse, kurios pasižymėjo aukštesniu pajamų nelygybės ir šalies išsivystymo lygiu. Kitose šalių grupėse pajamų nelygybė lėtino ekonomikos augimą. [Iš leidinio]
ENThe aim of research is to assess the impact of income inequality on economic growth after investigating theoretical interpretations of this impact on economic growth and empirically testing it within different groups of countries. The research problem is addressed as: what is the impact of income inequality on economic growth and how to assess the impact of income inequality on economic growth? The research object is the impact of income inequality on economic growth. The research objectives: 1) To theoretically substantiate the transmission channels of the impact of income inequality on economic growth; 2) To empirically test the possibilities to apply the proposed models in the groups of the EU states grouped according to the level of income inequality and the level of income per capita. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature focusing on the impact of income inequality on economic growth in the theoretical aspect, defining the concept of income inequality, also pointing out the factors determining income inequality. Also, when assessing the level of investigation of the addressed scientific problem and designing the models or a set of research methods, the authors used generalisation, comparison, grouping of scientific literature and the method of modelling. Next, proceeding with empirical research, analysis of statistical data, grouping, comparative analysis, graphic depiction of data, correlation and regression analysis of panel data were carried out. When assessing the impact of income inequality on economic growth, the method of ordinary least squares was applied. Since errors of the models realised by the method of ordinary least squares are characteristic of heteroscedasticity, values of econometric models were calculated by using robust standard errors (HAC). While carrying out econometric analysis, the data was logarithmised, differentiated, calculating the interaction of variables.The research results are grounded on the panel data of 28 EU countries over the period 1995–2014. In the first part of the paper, the content and concept of the phenomenon of income inequality are presented, also highlighting the questions of its measurement; then the theories of the impact of income inequality on economic growth are generalised, carrying on the analysis of empirical research works conducted by other scholars. In the second part of the paper, the models for assessment of the impact of income inequality on economic growth are designed, substantiating the methods for assessment of the impact of income inequality on economic growth and discussing the variables used in the empirical research. In the third part of the paper, it was found out that increasing income inequality makes an ambiguous impact on economic growth through different transmission channels: the saving channel and the socio-political unrest channel. An ambiguous impact of income inequality on economic growth also depends on the country’s income inequality level and the country’s development level. As estimated in the EU countries, income inequality stimulated economic growth in the groups of the countries attributed to a higher level of income inequality and a different level of country’s development. In the groups of the countries attributed to a lower level of income inequality and a different level of country’s development, income inequality slowed down economic growth. [From the publication]
- Darnaus vystymosi tikslai ir įgyvendinimo rodikliai / Irena Klimavičienė, Jūratė Vaičiulėnaitė. Mokslo taikomieji tyrimai Lietuvos kolegijose. 2019, nr. 15, p. 115-121.
- Ekonominė nelygybė: normali ar perteklinė? / Ona Gražina Rakauskienė, Lina Volodzkienė. Vilnius : Mykolo Romerio universitetas, 2021. 205 p.
- Pajamų nelygybė Lietuvoje / Daiva Skučienė. Filosofija. Sociologija. 2008, t. 19, Nr. 4, p. 22-33.
