Surinkimininkų ir bažnytinių leidinių ortografijos skirtumai Degenų spaustuvės leidiniuose

LTXVIII amžiaus antrojoje pusėje Rytų Prūsijoje suformuotas pradinių mokyklų tinklas lėmė gyventojų raštingumo augimą, atsirado pasauliečių, gebančių versti ir spausdinti jiems reikalingą literatūrą. Jų parengtuose leidiniuose vartojama supaprastinta rašyba be diakritikų, bet kunigų rengiama literatūra ir toliau spausdinama laikantis tradicinių, gramatikose kodifikuotų rašybos normų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Heinrich Degen; Sakytojai; Surinkimininkai; Ortografija; Rašybos istorija; Heinrich Degen; Orthography; Pietist.

ENLate in the eighteenth century, the number of literate people in East Prussia increased, the demand for books was growing, and the printing became cheaper. There appeared the laymen capable of translating relevant religious publications into Lithuanian and preparing them for printing. Most of these people belonged to the Pietist movement and preached the word of God to the surinkimininkai who would gather for prayer in their ordinary homes. Georg Heinrich Bernhard Degen in Königsberg (Karaliaučius) in Prussia printed one of the first, major, and largest of the Pietist publications – Johann Arndt’s six books of Wahres Christentum (True Christianity) in Lithuanian. Degen’s printing house is attributed to small or middle-size publishers that cooperated with beginning and unrecognised authors. The said book consists of 1533 pages; its printing was commissioned and the funds for printing were raised by Pietist preachers. Five years later, the typographer printed two more large Pietist books. After Degen’s death his son turned to the pastors of the official Church. The largest book that came from his press was the third edition of Lithuanian Bible prepared by the pastor Martynas Liudvikas Rėza (1816). Just like the vast majority of the publications of the time, the Bible followed traditional orthography of Lithuania Minor. The orthography used by the surinkimininkai differed from it considerably The orthographic norms of Lithuanian Evangelical Lutherans became established and were codified in as early as the mid-seventeenth century by the grammars of Danielius Kleinas. A characteristic feature of orthography is the abundance of diacritic marks and marking of morphological forms. [...].The publications of Degen’s printing house show that alongside the traditional orthography of Lithuania Minor, a simpler orthographic variety evolved. The reasons for the emergence was a change of recipients of the literature. Traditional orthography, which marked phonetic, prosodic, and even some of the morphological features in detail was convenient to German pastors (and even obligatory to those whose knowledge of Lithuanian was poor), but detailed orthography was superfluous to the native Lithuanians. For those readers, the accent marks and the disambiguation of morphological polysemy in the text were of no significance, and simplified orthography made the work much faster for the printer. [From the publication]

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