Pažaislio kamaldulių sodai

LTPažaislio kamaldulių vienuolyne įvairūs želdiniai auginti nuo pat tada, kai 1664 metais įsteigtas eremas. Vienuolyno šiaurinėje ir pietinėje pusėse įveisti gana erdvūs sodai, medžiais ir krūmais apsodinta ir eremitoriumo teritorija. Iš pradžių vaismedžiais apsodinti ir nedideli sodeliai prie vienuolių gyvenamųjų namelių, vėliau tie pakeisti buksmedžiais ir gėlynais. XVIII a. pab.–XIX a. pr. vienuolyno teritorijoje augo apie 300 derančių vaismedžių, tarp kurių vyravo kriaušės, obuoliai, slyvos ir vyšnios. XVIII a. viduryje minimi ir retesni Pažaislio soduose auginami augalai – vynuogės ir graikinis riešutmedis. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Pažaislis; Kamalduliai; Sodai; Vaismedžiai; 18 amžius; 19 amžius; Pažaislis; Camaldolese; Gardens; Fruit trees; 18th–19th century history of Lithuania.

ENIn the Pažaislis Camaldolese monastery, horticulture was practiced from the establishment of the hermitage in 1664. Sources testify that at the time of its endowment, the monastery’s estate had gardens, in which hops were cultivated. The Camaldolese monks themselves started to grow individual fruit trees in the hermitage at the monks’ cabins. Later, these trees were transferred to undeveloped areas, and gardens began to be formed on the northern and southern sides of the monastery, while trees and shrubs were planted in the territory of the hermitage as well. The monks planted common box shrubs and flowers in the courtyards of their cabins. In the late 18th and early 19th century, approximately 300 fertile fruit trees, mainly pear, apple, plum and cherry, grew in the monastery’s territory. In the middle of the 18th century, more exotic plants cultivated in the Pažaislis gardens – grapes and Circassian walnut, lilies and peonies – are mentioned. The Pažaislis Camaldolese monks appointed one of their brothers to act as a garden supervisor, and he usually delivered fresh fruits from the garden to each cell. If needed, the monks would organize collective works in the garden. In the second half of the 18th century, persons from the outside were already hired to work and oversee the garden in Pažaislis; their duties also included protecting the harvest from thieves. In the early 19th century, the newly grafted hop garden in Pažaislis is mentioned. Travellers who visited Pažaislis and tasted the hops praised their flavour. The fruits were consumed by the monks, and the surplus was put out for sale. After the closure of the Camaldolese monastery, Eastern Orthodox monks abandoned the former gardens and began to cultivate their own plants. [From the publication]

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