Treści ideowe wystroju kościoła i klasztoru w Pożajściu

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Architektūra; Architektūros ansamblis; Freskos; Ideologija; Ikonografija; Ikonografinė programa; Kamaldulai; Kamalduliai; Kristupas Zigmantas Pacas; Pažaislis; Vienuolynas; Architectural ensemble; Architecture; Camaldolese; Camaldulians; Frescoes; Iconographic program; Iconography; Ideology; Kristupas Zigmantas Pacas; Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac; Monastery; Pažaislis.

ENThe original architecture of Pažaislis (Polish: Pożajście) explicitly indicated religious and monastic functions as well as residential ones combined with a mausoleum and a private place of the founder’s acts of piety. When planning an axial layout, with the use of antique-like motifs and patters of ancient Roman architecture of the 17th century, as well as drawing inspirations from El Escorial and the Medici’s mausoleum at the San Lorenzo Church in Florence, Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac (Lithuanian: Kristupas Zigmantas Pacas) emphasised the power he exercised, his military and political victories and the domination of the Roman Catholic Church in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, strengthened, i.a., thanks to the blood of the Christian martyrs from the time of Christianisation of Lithuania; their figures were exhibited in the church decoration (e.g. St Christopher, St Bruno of Querfurt). He also alluded to the ancient origins of the Pac family and their “blood relation” to the Italian de’Pazzi family and referred to the Mary Queen of Peace, worshipped at Pažaislis as the patron saint of the Pacs. The ideological meanings expressed through architectural forms were supplemented by the interior decoration of the church, where the abovementioned motifs were focused on the aspects of the Camaldolese Order and the foundation of the monastery, and interrelated with the cult of the Virgin Mary, all against the background of multilevel allusions to the contemporary political, social and religious situation. The designed iconography of the church décor emphasised, in the same way as in the layout of the whole complex, the axiality by the creation in the side chapels of the separate thematic parts devoted to the patron saints of the founder and Camaldolese monks: St Romuald and St Mary Magdalene de’Pazzi, St Christopher and St Francis de Sales [...].