Литовская этническая музыка : проблема одноголосия и многоголосия
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Arealai Lietuvoje; Dainuojamasis folkloras; Daugiabalsumas; Etninė muzika; Lietuvių etninė muzika; Monodija; Polifonija; Tradicinis dainavimo būdas; Vienbalsumas; Žmonijos rasės; Areas in Lithuania; Ethnic music; Human races; Lithuanian ethnic music; Monody; Polyphony; Singing folklore; Traditional way of singing.
ENAccording to the latest research made by the author, it is evident that Lithuanian ethnic music has spread in two main directions: monody and polyphony. Monody is the most characteristic feature of the ethnic music of southeastern Lithuanians. Polyphony is spread in northwestern Lithuania. The monody ethnic music has many equivalents in the music of all Northern Europides, while the contrapunctual polyphony of northeastern Lithuanians is connected only with the polyphony of Kursk and Bryansk regions of Russia and Komi. We find the nearest equivalents of the contra punctual polyphony of northeastern Lithuanians in the polyphony of the Negrides and Australoides. The parallelism of northwestern Lithuanians has no other equivalents in the music of the Northern Europides, except the parallels found among the Western Lets in Curonia region. Very close equivalents can be seen in the parallelisms and in the ethnic music of Central Europe's Europides in the Western Carpathians and Alps and in the music of the Southern Europides northwestern Serbs. The parallelism of the northwestern Lithuanians has many equivalents in the music of Negrides and Australoides.The hypothesis is proposed that the formation of two different styles of ethnic music among Lithuanians could have been linked with the process of divergence of the human races in the Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic period. The polyphony of the northwestern Lithuanians must have been the relic of the Western stock of the human races and could have been formed about 35 000 - 28 000 years ago before the divergence of the Europides and Negrides from the Western stock of the human races. The monody of the southeastern Lithuanians, like the prevailing style of the ethnic music of the Europides and Mongolides, could have been formed about 235 000 - 228 000 years ago before the divergence of the Western and Eastern stocks of the human races, and the local features of the monody of the Lithuanians could have been Jinked to the origin of the local race of Northern Europides at the end of the Mesolithic and the beginning of the Neolithic period. [From the publication]
