Par latviešu toponimijas lituānismu identificēšanas kritērijiem

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Asmenvardžiai; Fonetinės ypatybės; Idendifikacija; Latvių toponimija; Lietuviška kilmė; Lituanizmas; Morfologinės ypatybės; Perkelti vietovardžiai; Vietovardžiai; Anthroponyms; Identification; Latvian toponymy; Lithuanian origin; Lithuanianism; Morphological features; Phonetical features; Toponyms; Transferred place-names.

ENThe article deals with the determination of the criteria looking for place-names of possible Lithuanian origin in Latvia. There are lexical, phonetical and morphological criteria. Usually one can recognize the root of Lithuanian common word in Latvian toponym. Very often there are only parallels between Latvian and Lithuanian place-names and surnames. A lot of possible Lithuanian loan names were brought to Latvia with Lithuanian anthroponyms (most often surnames). There are four phonetical features of hypothetic Lithuanisms: 1) preserved tautosillabical -an-, -en-, -in-, -un- in the root of the name; 2) preserved consonants -š- and -:- instead of -s- and -z-; 3) consonant combination -sk- instead of -šķ- 4) preserved consonants -ģ-, -ķ- before front vowels. The morphological features (most often suffixes -išķe, -išķi l-iški, -aiti l-aiši) of Lithuanisms are more doubtful. There are also some examples of possible the so called transferred place-names: Mažaiki, Šauļi, Palangas, Ķībārti. The most credible loan name of Lithuanian origin can be the toponym with several features mentioned above, and also with the localisation close to the boarder with Lithuania. [From the publication]