Lietuvių kalbos slavizmai: tyrimo istorija ir perspektyvos

• Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
• Lenkų kalba / Polish

• Lithuanian slavisms: history and perspectives of the study
• Slawizmy w języku litewskim: historia badań i perspektywy

LTStraipsnyje glaustai apžvelgiama lietuvių kalbos slavizmų tyrimo istorija: aptariamos slavizmų tyrimo kryptys, išryškinama tyrimų problematika. Atskiras kryptis stengiamasi apžvelgti chronologiškai. Į atskirų konkrečių slavizmams skirtų darbų detalų aptarimą straipsnyje nesileidžiama, čia svarbiau parodyti pačią tyri-mo eigą ir jos kontekstus. Straipsnio pabaigoje siūlomos kelios lietuvių kalbos slavizmų tyrimo perspektyvos, atsižvelgiant į lietuvių kalbos slavizmų tyrimo kontekstą ir Europos kalbotyroje vyraujančias tendencijas. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Baltarusybės; Etimologija; Integracija; Kompleksinis tyrimas; Leksikografija; Lietuvių kalbos slavizmai; Polonizmai; Senųjų raštų slavizmai; Tarmių slavizmai; Belarusianisms; Complex study; Etymology; Integration; Lexicography; Polonisms; Slavisms of dialects; Slavisms of old; Slavisms of the Lithuanian language; Writings.

ENThe article consists of two parts. The first part gives an overview of the directions and research problematics of the study of slavisms. This part consists of three smaller chapters, which overview the slavisms in old Lithuanian writings, present the investigations of the slavisms of Lithuanian dialects and other areas of slavisms research. In other words, this part gives a brief overview of the history of Lithuanian slavisms research. Separate direc-tions are attempted to be reviewed in chronological order. The article does not focus on the detailed revision of the individual works on slavisms research, here it is more important to show the course of the research itself and its contexts. The chapter of the slavisms in old writings highlights the main areas of research and related issues: the lexicographic aspect, the etymology of slavisms, the problem of the identification of the source of loanwords, the ratio of the loanwords sources, and the issues of the integration of slavisms. The chapter of the slavisms in Lithuanian dialects also deals with the directions and issues of the research, presents the similarities and differences between the studies of the old writings and slavisms in dialects. The following research areas are emphasized: lexicographical, the problem of the identification of a loanword source and the problem of its reference provision, the use of slavisms and its development, phonological and semantic integration of slavisms. Another problematics of the slavisms research is related to the loanwords’ chronology, the semantic integration of polonisms, the synthesis of the directions of previous slavisms studies and the problematics of research.The second part of the article deals with the future of the study of Lithuanian slavisms, and proposes several perspectives for the study, taking into account the context of the study and the tendencies prevailing in the European linguistics. One completely new slavisms research perspective in Lithuanian language could be related to the typological research of loanwords. The slavisms of the Lithuanian language could be completely feasibly and quite usefully researched using the methodology of the “Loanwords in the World’s Languages” research. Another way and the possibility of research could arise from dialectic and socio-linguistic works and their results, focusing not only on language contacts (which are self-evident in loanwords research), but also on language variations – variatets and variants. I would suggest that a complex analysis of Lithuanian slavisms could be performed creating a profile or mechanism of research based on the so-called “language architecture” model, which consists of diatopic, diastratic, diaphasic and diachronic axes. Although the field of Lithuanian slavisms research is quite wide and many important works have been carried out so far, there are still clear loopholes in the study of slavic loanwords. One of them is the lack of the comprehensive and complex examination of standard Lithuanian slavisms, the second, more general loophole is that, in general, there is still a lack of complex studies of slavisms integration. Taking into account the wider context of the research and what European linguists fo-cus on, it is possible to draw at least two just discussed prospects for the study of Lithuanian slavisms. [From the publication]

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