Iš Rytų gauti krikščioniški vardai lietuvių onomastikoje

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Fonetinės ypatybės; Kilmė; Krikščioniškas vardas; Krikščioniški vardai; Krikščionybė; Pavardė, vietovardis; Pavardės; Vandenvardis; Vardas; Vietovardžiai; Christian name; Christian names; Christianity; Hydronym; Name; Origin; Phonetic features; Place name; Place names; Surname.

ENChristianity came to Lithuania from two directions: the East and West. The results of investigations into the influence of the wave of Christianity emanating from the West were set out in the author’s previous book Lietuvių poteriai (Lithuanian Prayers; Vilnius, 2000), which proved that prayers were not translated from the Polish into Lithuanian as was thought previously, but from German during the era of King Mindaugas, and that the flame of Christianity that was lit at that time has never been extinguished. An investigation of the wave of Christianity from the East, which was earlier than the one from the West, is presented in the book Krikščionybės ištakos Lietuvoje (The Sources of Christianity in Lithuania: Data from Eastern rite Christian Nomenclature). It analyses the forms of contemporary surnames, place names and hydronyms and the forms they were given by the Christian names that were carried from the East. They are classed according to the following important groupings.Those with Late Greek (Byzantine) phonetic features, e.g. Grýgalius with an ī as opposed to Gregorius, which came from the West; Ones that have preserved Greek language sounds, unaffected by the influence of languages from the West, e.g. Kiprijõnas versus Ciprijõnas (from the Polish Cyprian); Those originating from specific Christian name forms in the Eastern rite, e.g. Ivõnas versus Jõnas; Names whose dialectical pronunciations evince an older origin in the East, e.g. Antãnas versus Untãnas (dialect); Names whose common forms show an orientation to the East, e.g. the shortening of Pilỹpas to Pìlius (from the Филь); Names not characteristic of those from the West, e.g. Svìrka from the Свирко — Спиридон. A chronological analysis of the names researched was conducted based on the phonetic features of these names (e.g. Povilas <*Павьлъ), along with their prosody (acute in the place of the usual circumflex), word formation (place names composed of derivatives show the longstanding existence of the toponym), specific features of toponyms (nature worshippers tended to personify bodies of water), among others. Variations of names are discussed, showing not repeated borrowings but the long-term Slavicising of names.