Europos Sąjungos kibernetinio saugumo terminai su dėmeniu kibernetinis, (-ė): reikšmės, kilmė, sinonimija ir variantai

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Kibernetinis saugumas; Kibernetiniai nusikaltimai; Kibernetinis karas; Terminologija.

ENThis article discusses the meanings, origin, synonymy and variations of EU cybersecurity terms with compound "kibernetinis, (-ė)" (cyber). The analysis shows that cybersecurity terms in most cases denote harmful actions and harmful activities or defence actions or defence measures: "kibernetinė vagystė" (cybertheft), "kibernetinis terorizmas" (cyberterrorism), "kibernetinė gynyba" (cyber defence), "kibernetinių incidentų pratybos" (cyber incident exercises), "kibernetinis išteklius" (cyber assets). Relatively rarely terms are used to denote persons and their characteristics: "kibernetikos ekspertas" (cyber expert), "kibernetinis šnipas" (cyberspy), "kibernetinio saugumo įgūdžiai" (cybersecurity skills). From the point of view of its origin, cybersecurity terminology is heterogenous. It can be concluded that the majority of cybersecurity terms are borrowed from warfare and forensics: "kibernetinis karas" (cyber war), "kibernetinė kriminalistika" (cyber forensics). Fewer terms are taken from ecology, health, physics, politics, economics, technology, computer science, geography, pedagogy and law: "kibernetinė ekosistema" (cyber ecosystem), "kibernetinė higiena" (cyber hygiene), "kibernetinio saugumo atsparumas" (cyber security resilience), "kibernetinė diplomatija" (cyber diplomacy), "kibernetinis išteklius" (cyber assets), "kibernetinio saugumo subjektas" (cybersecurity entity), "kibernetiniai gebėjimai" (cyber skills). The majority of Lithuanian cybersecurity terms can be considered as calques – qualitative characteristics of more than a half of the Lithuanian terms analyzed completely match with the characteristics of English terms: "kibernetinė politika" – cyber policy, "kibernetinė rizika" – cyber risk, "kibernetinio saugumo sistema&am.Not matching terms have differences in number and meaning of components: "dialogas kibernetikos klausimais" – cyber dialogue, "atkūrimas po kibernetinio incidento" – cyber recovery, "kibernetinis išteklius" – cyber assets. In Lithuanian cybersecurity terminology clarity is the principal consideration therefore longer and non-metaphorical equivalents compared to English terms are used: "atkūrimas po kibernetinio incidento" – cyber recovery, "kibernetinio saugumo priemonės ir technologijos" – cybersecurity capabilities, "grėsmių kibernetiniam saugumui kitimas" – cybersecurity threat landscape. Half of the analyzed terms have synonyms: "elektroninė diplomatija" – "kibernetinė diplomatija" – "skaitmeninė diplomatija" (cyber diplomacy, e-diplomacy, digital diplomacy), "kibernetinis nusikaltėlis" – "kibernetinis užpuolikas" (cyber attacker). Synonymy of cybersecurity terminology is characterized by variety and synonyms could have been caused different time of usage or by aim for the intention to create an appropriate form of expression. Cybersecurity terminology is a new terminology and is characterized by variety of expression. Quite a lot other cybersecurity terms are used in on-line publications. In on-line publications instead of borrowed or mixed terms Lithuanian terms are used: "kibernetinis puolimas", "kibernetinis žvalgas", "kibernetinis įvykis". Some cybersecurity terms have non-typical structure and are used with component "kiber(-)": "kiberginklas", "kiberveiksmas", "kiber ataka". [From the publication]