Religia - człowiek - historia: myśli Stanisława Kościałkowskiego

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Enciklika; Istoriosofija; Mokslo istorija; Profesorius; Religija; Religijos filosofija; S. Koscialkovskis; Stanislovas Julianas Koscialkovskis; Stanislovas Koscialkovskis; Teocentrizmas; Vilniaus universitetas (VU; Vilnius University); Encyclical; Historiosophy; History of science; Philosophy of religion; Professor; Religion; S. Koscialkowski; Stanislaw Julian Koscialkowski; Stanislaw Koscialkowski; Theocentrism.

ENStanisław Kościałkowski was a scholar displaying an apolitical approach. Society viewed him as undoubtedly conservative, faithful to the social teachings of the Church, as expressed by popes Leon XIII and Pius X. A Professor at the University of Vilnius, he was a devoted spokesman for the multinational tradition of the Republic, which ceased to exist in consequence of the partitions in the late 18th century. He maintained significant distance with regards to nationalism. His patriotism was free from anti-Russian stereotypes. A significant role in Koscialkowski’s life was played by the Catholic religion, which remained the basic creative force, shaping his mentality. The Treatise Via hicis written in his twilight years and published post mortem in 1963, is a testament of faithfulness to Catholicism. The professor opposed any expressions of idealism and subjectivity. He defended the Aristotelian-Thomistic realism. He argued against the thesis about two types of ethics - one in the life of individuals, and the other - of societies and national policy. He also argued that only the beneficial impact of Christianity is able set the world on the appropriate path. His most interesting deliberations include the polemical comment against anthropocentrism. Against this concept - so eminent in his opinion, for humanity in the 20th century - he juxtaposed theocentrism. The author of Via lucis - it should be emphasized - was one of the few distinguished Polish historians of the 20th century, who left behind such a clear and evocative contribution of their own views of worldview-related matters. It is even more interesting, considering that he specialized in economic history, and not that of ideals, or philosophy. [From the publication]