ENNearly half of Vilnius' population in the nineteenth century were Jews. Like any other ethnic groups, Jews maintained their cemetery. Jewish cemeteries before modern times were most often far away from the city center. The old Jewish cemetery underwent significant transformations during imperial Russia's regime and was finally demolished after World War II when Soviet municipal authorities set out to modernize the former suburb of Šnipiškės on the bank of the River Neris. [From the publication]