14-17 metų moksleivių požiūris į savo sveikatą ir sveiką gyvenseną bei sveikatinimo programų poreikis

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Mityba; Mityba; Moksleivių sveikata; Paauglių sveikatos nusiskundimai; Savo sveikatos vertinimas; Sveika gyvensena; Sveikatinimo programos; Įpročiai; Adolescents health; Adolescents health complaints; Adolescents' health; Adolescents' health complaints; Eating habits; Health promotion programs; Healthy lifestyle; Self-rated health.

ENThe aim of the study was to evaluate the 14-17 yearold students approach to their health and healthy lifestyles and to identify the need for health promotion programs. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2015-2016. The target population was 14- 17 years Lithuanian Republic secondary school students who were interviewed using an anonymous questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, averages), correlation analysis methods (Kendall tau_b correlation coefficient) and nonparametric Kruskal - Wallis test for independent samples for statistical analysis were used. Results. The study involved 359 respondents from 13 schools. Girls accounted for 54.6 %, boys – 45.4 % respondents. 76.4 % students rated their health as good, very good or excellent. 68.6 % had 1-2 health complaints, 25.8 % – 3-6 and 3.7 % – 7 or more health problems. The most common complaints were sleep deprivation, back or neck pain, headaches. Girls more often experienced headache, abdominal pain, eye irritation, sleep deprivation (p<0.05). Half of the students feel nervousness, stress, and sleep deprivation sometimes or often. 56.3 % students experience stress at school, 68.1 % of them - during a lesson. The most common causes of stress are excessive workload (70.5 %), unclear tasks (59.3 %), and excessive requirements of teachers (59.5 %). Girls more often than boys relieve the stress by eating, boys – by attending the pool / gym or playing computer games (p<0.05). 36.7 % of the students never go in for sport except during physical education classes at school, 56.8 % are engaged in vigorous physical activity up to 1 hour a day. 59.1 % respondents always eat breakfast, one-fifth have a nourishing meal late at night. Vegetable and fruit never eat 13.3 % and 10.9 % correspondingly approximately the same percent of students eat fruits and vegetable 3 or more times a day (13.7 % and 12.3 %).Approximately half of the students‘ consume 5 glasses of water and 1-3 glasses of sweet soft drinks daily. 86.6 % never drink energy drinks but 1.7 % consumes 4 or more drinks daily, 1.9 % consumes 4 or more cups of coffee a day. Adolescents would like to learn more about healthy nutrition, weight management, and mental health improvement and participate in health promotion and physical activity programs and virtual healthy lifestyle programs - games. Conclusions. Most of the students rated their health as good, although a large part of them have health complaints, the most common of which are back or neck pain, headaches, sleep deprivation. More than half of the students experience stress during the lessons due to excessive workload, unclear tasks, and excessive teacher requirements. Girls often relieve the stress by eating, boys – by attending the pool / gym or playing computer games. Students‘ physical activity is insufficient, healthy eating habits are not stable. Adolescents would like to participate in the health promotion and physical activity programs, mostly preferred topics are healthy eating, mental health. [From the publication]