Nematomos tikrovės šviesa : reformacijos Lietuvoje asmenybės ir idėjos

LTDainoros Pociūtės monografijoje Lietuvos Reformacija atidengiama nagrinėjant ją kaip šio judėjimo asmenybių ir idėjų istoriją. Asmenybės ir idėjos yra reti, galima sakyti, nauji tyrimų objektai ir diskursai mūsų Reformacijos istoriografijoje. Asmenybių pasirinkimas yra nepaprastai vykęs, nes leidžia susipažinti su visų LDK plitusių Reformacijos srovių ir idėjų sklaida. Tai knyga, kurioje atsigręžta į ankstyvųjų naujųjų laikų mentaliteto ir religinės minties raidą, įvedant į apyvartą iki šiol nenaudotus šaltinius ir pateikiant daug vertingų duomenų religinės minties istorijai. [Deimantas Karvelis]Monografija savo pasirinkta medžiagos išdėstymo struktūra puikiai užpildo Reformacijos istoriografijoje lig šiol egzistuojančias laisvas erdves. Autorės prieiga prie esminių Reformacijos apraiškų per kertines asmenybes ir jų veiklą įgalina įžvalgas ne tik į šio fenomeno objektyviąją sociokultūrinę dimensiją, bet ir į jo subjektyviąsias, individų lygmenyje veikusias religines paskatas ir polimorfiškai artikuliuotas teologines tiesas. Pasirinkti aštuoni asmenys tiek chronologiniu, tiek dalykiniu požiūriu atspindi svarbiausius Reformacijos LDK bruožus. Kaip ir kituose savo darbuose, Dainora Pociūtė remiasi tiek šaltinių analize, tiek tarptautinės mokslinės literatūros rezultatais. Tai svarus sintetizuojantis indėlis Reformacijos tyrinėjimų srityje. [Kęstutis Daugirdas]

ENThe most notable participants of the Reformation, their ideas and the general course of this historical process in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are all thoroughly analyzed within this monograph. Te Reformation that occurred in Lithuania is deemed as a process influenced by the activities and concepts of educated seculars, a process which had developed new forms of communication within the society and grounded the tradition of religious and philo sophical thought.In this book, a review is provided of the frameworks upon which certain concepts were based on – the concepts of eight figures who had determined the manner of course of the Reformation in Lithuania in the 16 th century. It is true, the history of these individuals does not paint a comprehensive picture of the Protestant thought of the 16 th century GDL; despite that, the development of their concepts fully reflects the ideological diversity and dynamics of the thought of the Lithuanian Reformation: beginning with the first slogans of the Church Reformation and reaching mature and polemical doctrines that were established among the diferent bastions of Protestantism. Te Reformation in Lithuania did not only engrain the experiences of Western religious systems (those of the Lutherans or the Reformers); it had also lively engaged into the ranks of heterodoxy that was developing at that time in Europe. In the first part of this monograph, titled Abraomas Kulvietis and the Origins of Lithuanian Evangelism , the biography of the pioneer of Lithuanian evangelical thought, Abraomas Kulvietis (Abraham Culvensis, died 1545), the origins of evangelical identity and the first Lithuanian Protestant text, a confession of faith – Confessio fidei (1543) – are all carefully reconstructed.Discussed is the history of the studies that Kulvietis had taken up in the universities in Kraków, Leuven, Leipzig and Wittenberg, which were concluded with a doctorate in both laws ( in utroque iure ) in Italy, University of Siena in the November of 1541 – which is considered as philo-Protestant – hence being what had determined the resolve of Kulvietis to be a herald of Reformation ideas. After his studies in Western Europe, Kulvietis returned to Lithuania where, supported by Bona Sforza – Queen of Poland, wife of the King of Poland and Grand Duke of GDL Sigismund the Old, he opened the first humanist grammar school, an action for which he had begun to be persecuted by the Church. Kulvietis was forced to flee to Prussia in May 1542, when a ruler’s edict was issued against him. It was done under the request of the Vilnius bishop Povilas Alšėniškis (Paweł Holszański), and in the edict Kulvietis was declared to be a dangerous heretic and arraigned before the ecclesiastical court. Afterwards, then supported by Albert, Duke of Prussia, he joined the establishing of Königsberg University and held the professorship of Greek language. In an attempt for his sentence to be withdrawn and in a wish to operate in his native country, Kulvietis wrote the Confessio fidei – a confession of his faith, produced in the form of a letter and addressed to Bona Sforza, in which he expressed his critique for the Catholic Church and drew the framework of religious reform. Aided by Queen Sforza, he returned to Lithuania and began reformative activities in Vilnius – although it all came to an abrupt end when Kulvietis suddenly died in June 1545. Kulvietis’ mother blamed the representatives of the Church for the death of her son and accused them of poisoning him. [...]. [From the publication]