LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Antonimai; Kognityvinė lingvistika; Konceptas; Lietuvių kalba ir kultūra; Namai; Namas; Pasaulio vaizdas kalboje; Sinonimai; Antonyms; Cognitive linguistics; Concept; House; Lithuanian language and culture; Synonyms; World view and language.
ENThe Lithuanian picture of house/home is deeply rooted in folk tradition – the ideal home is the rural home of a person’s childhood. In Lithuanian, there are two expressions that are used to designate the concept, the singular "namas" – which dictionaries tersely define as a building – and the plural "namai", which stands for a broader space and a family staying together. The author discusses synonyms (and quasi-synonyms), antonyms (accenting the opposition between familiarity and strangeness), derivatives and collocations of these words. She reports the results of a questionnarie, which show that "namas"/"namai" is often mythicised as a paradise on earth, with the important motif of returning home. Proverbs keep guard over patriarchal relations in the family and portray home as a stronghold. Journalistic texts introduce the concept of a cosmopolitan home, open to the world. The features of the Lithuanian base picture of "namas"/"namai" are discussed according to the basic semantic aspects: social, psychosocial (sacralisation of home), mental, physical and functional (home as a shelter protecting individuals from the strange world they fear). Two profiles of the Lithuanian home are identified in the study: a romantic rustic profile grounded in the lasting relationship with the family, and a European, intelligentsia profile located wherever there are (any) people. [From the publication]