Pozycja Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów (1569-1668)
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Abiejų Tautų Respublika (ATR; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów; Žečpospolita; Sandrauga; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth); Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); 16 amžius; 17 amžius; Liublino unija, 1569 (Union of Lublin); Politinė istorija; Politinė semantika; 16th century; 17th century; Political history; Political semantics.
ENThe main subject of the present article is the problem of the position of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania after the Lublin Union that has most often been discussed from the formal-legal perspective or in the context of its conflicts with the Crown, and only seldom from the angle of political and constitutional angle. To verify the findings attained so far, the comparative research has been made in both official sources (the acts of the Lublin Union and Sejm Constitutions from Volumina legum) and unofficial ones (published memoirs and correspondence of Lithuanian and Polish politicians written during the century between the Union of Lublin of 1569 and King John Casimir’s abdication in 1668); the research has been supplemented by the frequency method and traditional exemplification. The first part presents the frequency of occurrence of different meanings of the term ‘Grand Duchy of Lithuania’ and ‘Lithuania’ in the context of political terminology used in the types of sources mentioned above. The second part is a concise survey of conflict problems in the Polish-Lithuanian relations from the perspective of political practice and of assessments of the results of the Union by Lithuanian and Polish politicians.The article’s main intent is to answer the question: did the formal status of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the official terminology correspond to its position in the colloquial language of politics in diaries and letters written by the members of Polish and Lithuanian political elites? The final response to this question is negative: the actual position of the Grand Duchy during the century after the Lublin Union did not reflect the official political terminology but the current political situation and was unstable, changing during the 17th century depending on the role played by Lithuanian magnates and their noble clientele in the political life of the Commonwealth. Also the fundamental principle of the Union was not observed to make a full integration between the nobility and elites of the “both nations” into “one people” - civic community. Differences in customs and antagonisms remained present in the Polish-Lithuanian relations not only on the level of “key issues”, but also on the microscale of everyday contacts of the Polish, Lithuanian and Ruthenian nobility. The presented hypotheses are to be regarded as a contribution to the discussion and an argument for conducting semantic examination as an introductory research course of historians, making it possible to objectivise results obtained by traditional method of exemplification. [From the publication]
- Ideologia polityczna ewangelików litewskich w czasach dwu pierwszych Wazów / Urszula Augustyniak. Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės istorijos šaltiniai : faktas, kontekstas, interpretacija / redakcinė kolegija: Artūras Dubonis (pirminininkas). Vilnius: Lietuvos istorijos instituto leidykla, 2007. P. 345-368.
- Tradycja unii horodelskiej jako argument polityczny w stosunkach polsko-litewskich w czasach Wazów : przyczynek do badań / Urszula Augustyniak. Prace historyczne. 2014, 141, z. 2, p. 385-393.
